Use donor hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is controversial. This category of heart recipients has increasing risk of early graft failure. We proposed that heart transplantation (HT) with LVH ≥1.5 cm may be successful if performed in selective category patients from alternate transplant list. This study included 10 pati- ents (2 female and 8 male) at the age 26–62 (44 ± 3), who needed urgent HT. This study showed that recipients with LVH ≥1.5 cm demanded more high and long inotropic support with adrenalin and dopamine, more fre- quent use of levosimendan infusion (in 40% of cases) and intraaortic balloon conterpulsation (in 50% of cases). However we didn’t observed any difference in survival rate (90.0% vs 89.0%) and ICU time (4.8 ± 0.6 days vs 4.1 ± 0.4 days) between HT recipients with and without LVH. Our study showed that HT from donor with LVH ≥1.5 cm may be performed in patients, demanding urgent HT, with acceptable early posttransplant results. 

The aim of the study was to evaluate plasma levels of sCD40L in children before and after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and its prognostic value with postoperative course. The study included 67 children with end-stage liver disease (ESLD), aged from 4 to 36 months before and after LDLT, 25 healthy children aged from 7 to 24 months and 38 adult living-related liver donors, aged from 18 to 56 years.

In children with ESLD pre-transplant plasma level of sCD40L (3.3 ± 2.2 ng/ml) did not differ in children with and without liver disease but were significantly higher in patients with end-stage liver disease than in donors (4.1 ± 2.3 ng/ml and 1.07 ± 1.1 ng/ml, resp., p < 0.01).
Graft dysfunction frequency was significantly higher in recipients with high sCD40L level (≥3.3 ng/ml). A mea- surement of pre-transplant sCD40L concentrations might be useful to identify patients with ESLD at high risk for graft dysfunction development. 

Soluble form of CD40L is platelet activating factor, which is a marker of inflammation and thrombosis. Elevated levels of sCD40L before the heart transplantation are associated with the risk of early development of cardiova- scular complications.
The study included 54 patients who had received heart transplants. All recipients received a triple heart immu- nosuppressive therapy, including methylprednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A (20 recipients) or methylprednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus (34 recipients). Patients were not differed by age, gender, etiology of heart failure before heart transplantation (p > 0,05). In the first group of transplant recipients, the relative risk of cardiovascular events with high sCD40L levels before transplantation was 3 2 (95% CI 1,4; 12,0). In the second group of recipients, respectively, 2.69 (95% CI 1,1; 8,5). SCD40L level after heart transplan- tation was significantly higher for patients receiving cyclosporine (P < 0.05).

Increasing concentrations of sCD40L are associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular complications. 

Coronary artery stenting was performed at 75 renal transplant recipients. Diffuse multiple and expressed calcified coronary artery disease took place that created many difficulties during the procedures. In result of endovascular treatments positive dynamics of clinical condition in the nearest postoperative period was marked, tolerance to physical exercise was increased and according to this the functional class of angina was reduced. Cardiac and general mortality after treatment in comparison to the data of foreign authors was lower and comparable with demographic death rate of the population for persons of the same sex and age. 

Assessing the condition of the structural proteins of cardiomyocytes in patients with various forms of cardiomyo- pathy (49 samples) revealed changes characteristic for dilated cardiomyopathy, as well as common disorders of the molecular structure, developing, regardless of the etiology of the disease. 

In this study 52 patients (39 female and 13 male) were included. All of them were undergoing kidney trans- plantation. Duration of the period after transplantation was from 1 year to 22 years. There was an analysis of nutrition status in patients with long-term kidney transplantation. In this article discusses the role of diet therapy and its particular components in correction of metabolic disorders and reducing the risk for development of complications (cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, etc.) in patients with long-term after kidney transplantation. 

The reliability increase of corneal transplants engraftment may be achieved by combined transplantation with preserved limbal grafts (LG). We studied two methods of LG preservation: normothermal preservation in Borzenok–Moroz medium or standard culture medium for 35 days and cryopreservation at –80 °C in Borzenok– Moroz medium with/without DMSO addition for 1 month. We found that long-term normothermal preservation (for 28 days) and cryopreservation maintain LG cells viability and their capacity to maintain cytokine balance as well as to keep cytokine balance and to retain phenotype of MMSC (multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells) and to activate tolerogenic properties of limbal cells the latter improving quality and increasing capacity of corneal transplant engraftment reliability without systemic immunosupression. 

The purpose of this article was to report our first experience in surgical treatment of aortic aneurism rupture in patient of 55 years old with renal transplant.
Aortic aneurism rupture always associated with high mortality, and urgent operative procedure is also rather complicative and has also in bad anatomical conditions. The expectation of good collateral circulation for renal transplant, quick cross-clamp time and easy graft replacement may not always be the case. We believe that trans- planted kidney should be protected when ever feasible, especially in urgent procedure. 

Heart transplantation became a widespread and effective method of terminal heart failure treatment. Simultane- ously with accumulation of experience and knowledge, physicians face complications both specific and nonspe- cific for heart transplant patients – such as constrictive pericarditis. There are only several cases of constrictive pericarditis after heart transplantation described, and mortality among such patients is quite high. We present one case of constrictive pericaditis, that was diagnosed 11 months after the heart transplantation was performed. The subtotal pericardectomy was performed. Postoperatively, significant improvement in hemodynamic parame- ters – the decrease in CVP and LA pressure, the increase in end-diastollic LV size – indicated the effectiveness of procedure. 

This case report describes a patient initially found to have an extremely high anti-B IgM (1:1024) and IgG (1:512) titres.Additionally, patient had previous diseased donor kidney transplantation and high level of anti-HLA panel- reactive antibodies (60%). We focused on immunological monitoring during the pretransplant conditioning and posttransplant period. 

The article describes using the apparatus of insulin therapy to correct carbohydrate metabolism in patient with diabetes mellitus in postoperative period after renal transplantation. We have noted improvement in indicators of glycemia and reduction the need for exogenous insulin in patients after using the device of insulin therapy. 

In this article the main mechanisms and methods of immune tolerance producing under influence of different antigenic loads in organism were considered.
It was shown that the state of steady tolerance was produced by making the balance of effectory and regulatory cell interactions into innate and adaptive immunities. But because of a high risk of transplant rejection at different methods of tolerance producing it is necessary to work out safe diagnostic and prognostic methods for controlling of an individual level and power tolerance stability. 

In this article the necessity of working out of individual therapeutical immunosuppressive tactics was consi- dered. The authors believe that doses and schemes of used drugs must not prevent the immunity regulation. Immunosuppressive drugs must induce native mechanisms of immune tolerance and reparative regeneration for preventing of fibrotic processes in grafts (liver).

For optimal effect of drug immunosuppression after clinical liver transplantation it was suggested to reveal tole- rogenic recipient’s groups and also to work out and use informative diagnostic and prognostic methods for value of individual level and power tolerance stability of recipients. 

In a review of the comparative analysis of methods and tools for long-term mechanical circulatory support with continuous flow and pulsatile flow implantable pumps. Particular attention is paid to the choice of the optimal modes of the operation of pumps based on the physical principles of the interaction between a the steady flow of blood to the pulsatile mechanics of the heart chambers. 

This review describes the main role of toll-like receptors of innate immunity for pathogen recognition; signaling; production of inflammatory response. Also Interrelation of innate and adaptive Immunity in conditions of pathology and organ transplantation were considered.