Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2018. 11th report of the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society

Aim: to monitor current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on the 2018 data.

Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed. Data obtained over years from constituent entities of the Russian Federation (also called regions) and from organ transplant centers located in these regions was analyzed and compared.

Results. According to data retrieved from the 2018 National Registry, only 49 kidney, 28 liver and 18 heart transplant centers were functional in Russia. As of the end of 2018, there were about 6,219 people on the kidney transplant waiting list. This is about 13.8% of the total number of the 45,000 patients receiving dialysis. Donation rate in 2018 was 4.3 donors per million population, while multi-organ procurement level stood at 67.3%. An average of 2.9 organs were procured from one effective donor. In 2018, there were 9.3 kidney transplants, 3.4 liver transplants and 1.9 heart transplants per million population. In the same year, the number of transplants performed in Russia in creased by 12.3% from the year 2017. In Moscow and Moscow Oblast alone, there are 15 functioning organ transplantation centers. These centers perform half of all kidney transplants and 70% of all liver and heart transplants in the country. The number of organ transplant recipients in Russia is approaching 16,000.

Conclusion. Russia continues to witness a long-term trend of growing number of organ transplants – 10–15% per year. The geographical presence or organ transplant centers continues to expand. The number of transplant centers and their activity is increasing. Donor programs are becoming more effective and efficient. Extrarenal transplantation technologies are being deployed in Russian regions. The number of patients on the national waiting list for organ transplantation is increasing, while their mortality is decreasing. The number of patients with transplanted organs is increasing. Shortages in donor organs in Russia is still down to human causes – poor organization. The number of organ transplants in Russian regions depends on government funding. The quality and safety of transplant programs rely on the transplant activity of centers. In order to achieve the clinical and economic benefits of organ transplantation as a treatment method, monitoring and follow-up after transplant will be required.

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