Фибрин – перспективный материал для тканевой сосудистой инженерии

В данном обзоре свойства фибрина рассматриваются с позиции возможности использования в тканевой сосудистой инженерии (ТСИ). Аутологичный фибрин является одним из самых доступных биополимеров, поскольку с помощью несложных методик может быть получен из периферической крови. В обзоре даны описание и сравнительная характеристика методов и подходов получения фибринового геля. Способности фибрина поддерживать адгезию и миграцию, служить биологической клеточной нишей, контролировать ангиогенез, накапливать и дозированно высвобождать факторы роста являются уникальными и крайне полезными в ТСИ. Огромный потенциал формования позволяет получать сложные трехмерные формы, использовать фибрин как самостоятельный каркас или в качестве модифицирующего покрытия/пропитки. Фибриновые гели способны к полной биодеградации с помощью фибринолиза, но этот процесс должен хорошо контролироваться и быть предсказуемым. В обзоре обсуждаются основные способы регуляции скорости фибринолиза, а также возможные побочные эффекты такого воздействия. Низкая механическая прочность является главным ограничением использования фибрина в качестве основного каркаса в сосудистых протезах. В работе представлены возможные варианты повышения прочностных свойств фибриновой матрицы и дана оценка их эффективности. С учетом всех уникальных свойств и особенностей фибрин вполне может стать основой для идеального полностью аутологичного тканеинженерного сосудистого протеза малого диаметра.

тканевая сосудистая инженерия, фибрин, клеточный носитель, биополимер, аутологичный тканеинженерный сосудистый протез, фибринолиз, механическая прочность, имплантация

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