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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2019-1-17-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерные аспекты развития кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения и васкулопатии трансплантата у реципиентов пересаженного сердца: опыт одного центра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender aspects of incidence of antibody-mediated rejection and allograft vasculopathy events after heart transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоскова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koloskova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1. Тел. (926) 651-40-64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182.  Теl. (926) 651-40-64.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrasotka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попцов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poptsov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаревич</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharevich</surname><given-names>V. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муминов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muminov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Можейко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozheyko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гичкун</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gichkun</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кван</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cvan</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халилулин</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalilulin</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закирьянов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakiryanov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenovsky University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колоскова Н.Н., Попцов В.Н., Захаревич В.М., Муминов И.И., Можейко Н.П., Гичкун О.Е., Никитина Е.А., Кван В.С., Халилулин Т.А., Закирьянов А.Р., Шевченко А.О., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колоскова Н.Н., Попцов В.Н., Захаревич В.М., Муминов И.И., Можейко Н.П., Гичкун О.Е., Никитина Е.А., Кван В.С., Халилулин Т.А., Закирьянов А.Р., Шевченко А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koloskova N.N., Poptsov V.N., Zakharevich V.М., Muminov I.I., Mozheyko N.P., Gichkun O.E., Nikitina Е.А., Cvan V.S., Khalilulin T.A., Zakiryanov A.R., Shevchenko A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/985">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/985</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Несмотря на усовершенствование схем иммуносупрессивной терапии, антителоопосредованное отторжение сердечного трансплантата (AMR) остается одним из важнейших факторов риска неблагоприятного прогноза выживаемости реципиентов, дисфункции сердечного трансплантата и быстрого прогрессирования болезни коронарных артерий пересаженного сердца.</p><p>Целью нашего исследования было оценить частоту развития кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения и болезни коронарных артерий пересаженного сердца в зависимости от половой принадлежности пациентов, перенесших трансплантацию сердца за период с января 2010 года по декабрь 2017 года.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Медиана наблюдения составила 42 месяца. Работа основана на анализе данных 606 пациентов, которым была выполнена ортотопическая трансплантация сердца в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТИО им. ак. В.И. Шумакова» МЗ РФ за период с 10 января 2010 года по 29 декабря 2017 года; 14% (n = 84) составили женщины и 86% (n = 522) – мужчины. Мы оценили все эпизоды развития кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения, которые были диагностированы по результатам проведенных эндомиокардиальных биопсий.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При сравнении частоты встречаемости кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения выявлены достоверные различия среди мужчин и женщин, перенесших трансплантацию сердца (p &lt; 0,05), выживаемость в течение первого года наблюдения составила 95 и 92% соответственно. Частота развития кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения была достоверно выше среди женщин, имевших историю беременности и/или применения систем механической поддержки кровообращения (статус 1А UNOS) в дотрансплантационном анамнезе (p &lt; 0,05), также мы получили достоверные отличия в частоте развития болезни коронарных артерий пересаженного сердца среди пациенток с диагнозом АМR (p &lt; 0,05). Выживаемость среди женщин в течение года после постановки диагноза АМR составляет 83% в сравнении с 96% среди реципиентов, свободных от АМR.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. На основании полученных нами данных были сделаны следующие выводы: женский пол является фактором риска развития кризов антителоопосредованного отторжения в послеоперационном периоде; наличие гистологической картины АМR напрямую связано с развитием васкулопатии трансплантата в отдаленном послеоперационном периоде. Женщины-реципиенты трансплантированного сердца должны подвергаться более частым контрольным биопсиям миокарда, контролю за уровнем донорспецифических антител, персонализированному подходу в назначении иммуносупрессивной терапии. Эти меры помогут своевременно выявить развитие антителоопосредованного отторжения и снизить частоту развития болезни коронарных артерий пересаженного сердца.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract. Despite improvements in immunosuppressive therapy, antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) remains one of the most important risk factors for poor prognosis for survival of recipients, cardiac graft dysfunction, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) after heart transplantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to assess the incidence of case of antibodymediated rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy depending on the gender of the patients who underwent heart transplantation in our Center from January 2010 to December 2017.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The median observation was 42 months. The study comprised 606 patients (84 [14%] women) who underwent heart transplantation in 2010 to 2017. We analyzed all the episodes of antibody-mediated rejection, which were diagnosed by the results of endomyocardial biopsies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We comparing the total incidence of antibody-mediated rejection and we are found significant differences among men and women who underwent heart transplantation (p &lt; 0.05), the survival rate during the first year after heart transplantation was 95 and 92%, respectively. The incidence of antibody-consistent rejection was significantly higher among women who had a history of pregnancy and/or use of mechanical circulatory support systems (UNOS status 1A) in the pre-transplantation history (p &lt; 0.05), and we also found significant differences in the incidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy in women diagnosed with AMR (p &lt; 0.05). The survival rate among women within a year after the diagnosis of AMR is 83% compared to 96% of the recipients free from AMR.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Women are at higher risk for AMR after heart transplantation and it increases their risk for cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Females recipients may more frequent myocardial control biopsies and a personalized approach in prescribing immunosuppressive therapy. Women-recipients of transplanted heart should undergo These measures will help to identify in time the development of antibodymediated rejection and reduce the incidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplant.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>гендерные особенности</kwd><kwd>антителоопосредованное отторжение</kwd><kwd>васкулопатия трансплантата</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart transplantation</kwd><kwd>gender features</kwd><kwd>antibody-mediated rejection</kwd><kwd>cardiac allograft vasculopathy</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stehlik J, Edwards LB, Kucheryavaya AY et al. 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