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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2018-3-87-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-917</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностические возможности применения микро‑РНК при трансплантации почки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic possibilities of using micro-RNA for kidney transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирожков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirozhkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес: 192242, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3, лит. А. Тел. (911) 709-90-14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address: 3, Budapeshtskaya str., St. Petersburg, 192242, Russian Federation. Теl. (911) 709-90-14</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ipir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Резник</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reznik</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мануковский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manukovsky</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени И.И. Джанелидзе»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze State Research Institute of Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирожков И.А., Малышев М.Е., Резник О.Н., Мануковский В.А., Скворцов А.Е., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирожков И.А., Малышев М.Е., Резник О.Н., Мануковский В.А., Скворцов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirozhkov I.A., Malyshev M.E., Reznik O.N., Manukovsky V.A., Skvortsov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/917">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/917</self-uri><abstract><p>Аллогенная трансплантация почки является оптимальным подходом для лечения пациентов с терминальной стадией хронической болезни почек. При этом посттрансплантационный  мониторинг и оптимизация иммуносупрессивной терапии с помощью ранних неинвазивных  молекулярно-биологических маркеров может значительно улучшить долгосрочный результат  трансплантационного лечения. В качестве маркеров повреждения почечного трансплантата  предлагается использовать микро-РНК, играющие фундаментальную роль в регуляции активности  различных генов. Уровень экспрессии микро-РНК в различных тканях может коррелировать с  определенными патологическими состояниями. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены литературные  данные, касающиеся изучения перспектив применения микро-РНК в качестве биомаркеров течения посттрансплантационного периода у реципиентов почечного трансплантата.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allogeneic kidney transplantation is the optimal approach for the treatment of patients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease. Moreover, post-transplant  monitoring and optimization of immunosuppressive therapy with early non-invasive  molecular-biological markers can significantly improve the long-term outcome of  transplantation. As markers of damage to the kidney transplant, it is proposed to  use micro-RNAs that play a fundamental role in the regulation of the activity of  various genes. The level of expression of micro-RNA in different tissues can  correlate with certain pathological conditions. In this review, the literature data on  the study of the perspectives for the use of micro-RNA as biomarkers of the post-transplantation period in kidney transplant recipients are considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микро-РНК</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>острое повреждение почки</kwd><kwd>острое отторжение трансплантата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>micro-RNA</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>acute kidney injury</kwd><kwd>acute allograft rejection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams WW, Taheri D, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Colvin RB. Clinical role of the renal transplant biopsy. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 2012; 8 (2): 110–121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams WW, Taheri D, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Colvin RB. Clinical role of the renal transplant biopsy. Nat. Rev. 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