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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2018-1-79-85</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-858</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Регенеративная медицина и клеточные технологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Regenerative Medicine and Cell Technologies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>БИОСТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ И ЦИТОТОКСИЧНОСТЬ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ СШИТЫХ БИОПОЛИМЕРОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BISTABILITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF MEDICAL DEVICES BASED ON CROSS-LINKED BIOPOLYMERS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немец</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemets</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Немец Евгений Абрамович</p><p>123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nemets Evgenij Abramovich</p><p>1, Shchukinskaya st., Moscow, 123182</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgnemets@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкина</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankina</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сургученко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surguchenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Севастьянов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sevastianov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artifi cial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО «Институт медико-биологических исследований и технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Institute of Biomedical Research and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Немец Е.А., Панкина А.П., Сургученко В.А., Севастьянов В.И., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Немец Е.А., Панкина А.П., Сургученко В.А., Севастьянов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nemets E.A., Pankina A.P., Surguchenko V.A., Sevastianov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/858">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/858</self-uri><abstract><p>Увеличение биостабильности медицинских изделий/материалов на основе белков и их производных, в том числе резорбируемых 2Dи 3D-матриксов для тканевой инженерии и регенеративной медицины, достигается в основном сшивкой глутаровым альдегидом (ГА). Одним из серьезных недостатков стабилизированных ГА изделий является их цитотоксичность, обусловленная следовыми количествами ГА, трудно удаляемых из сшитых биополимерных матриксов, поэтому поиск химических и физических способов сшивки таких медицинских изделий остается актуальной задачей.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнить влияние различных методов сшивки на цитотоксичность образцов из коллагена и желатина.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Образцы в виде пленок диаметром 30 мм и толщиной ~150 мкм получали методом полива из раствора склерального коллагена (СК) сельскохозяйственных животных I типа или желатина с последующей сушкой при 37 °С до постоянного веса на воздухе. Образцы пористых матриксов в виде трубок из смеси желатина и полиоксибутирата-ко-валерата в соотношении 2 : 1 по весу получали методом электроспиннинга. Исследовали цитотоксичность образцов, структурно стабилизированных пятью способами: 1) дегидротермосшивкой при остаточном давлении 10–20 мм рт. ст. и температуре 120 °С; 2) введением ГА непосредственно в раствор биополимера; 3) парами ГА; 4) парами ГА с последующей инкубацией в фосфатно-солевом буфере (ФСБ) при рН = 7,4; 37 °С; 24 ч; 5) парами ГА с последующей инкубацией в 0,1% растворе лизина при рН = 7,4; 37 °C; 24 ч или в среде DMEM. Цитотоксичность образцов оценивали согласно требованиям межгосударственного стандарта ГОСТ ISO 10993-5-2011 на культуре фибробластов мыши линии NIH 3Т3 с использованием экстрактов из образцов (37 °С; 24 ч) и методом прямого контакта образцов с этими клетками.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Дегидротермообработанные матриксы показали полное отсутствие цитотоксичности. Образцы, фиксированные в растворе ГА в интервале концентраций от 0,01 до 1,0%, проявляли высокий уровень цитотоксичности, не удовлетворяющий требованиям ГОСТ ISO 10993-5-2011. Фиксация коллагеновых и желатиновых матриксов парами ГА в течение 48 ч оказывает минимальное влияние на их цитотоксичность, но с увеличением времени обработки до 72 часов цитотоксичность возрастает до уровня «резкая». При последующей инкубации цитотоксичных образцов из желатина в ФСБ наблюдали снижение цитотоксичности до уровня, удовлетворяющего требованиям ГОСТ ISO 10993-5-2011. Для аналогичного снижения цитотоксичности пленок из коллагена, обработанных парами ГА в течение более 48 ч, требовалась дополнительная инкубация в растворе лизина.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Метод дегидротермосшивки является оптимальным с точки зрения отсутствия цитотоксичности стабилизированных биополимеров, однако область его применения ограничена риском воздействия высоких температур на медико-технические свойства изделий. Фиксация в парах ГА является универсальным и достаточно простым способом обработки медицинских изделий или покрытий на основе биополимеров, но не решает вопрос их цитотоксичности при временах обработки, превышающих 48 ч. Снизить степень цитотоксичности изделий, стабилизированных парами ГА, до значений, удовлетворяющих требованиям ГОСТ ISO 10993-5-2011, позволяет отмывка в буферном растворе в случае желатина или обработка раствором аминокислоты (лизина) в случае коллагена.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The increase in biostability of medical products/materials based on proteins and their derivatives, including resorbable 2Dand 3D-matrices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is usually achieved by means of cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (GA). One of the serious fl aws of the products stabilized with GA is their cytotoxicity caused by trace amounts of GA which are diffi cult to remove from cross-linked biopolymer matrices, thus the search for chemical and physical methods of cross-linking of such medical products remains essential. </p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to compare the infl uence of various cross-linking methods on the cytotoxicity of collagen and gelatin samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Samples – fi lms with diameter of 30 mm and thickness of ~ 150 μm, – were obtained by irrigation method usingthesolution of scleral collagen (SC) of Type farm animals or with gelatin with the subsequent drying at 37º С until constant weight on air. Samples of porous matrices in shape of tubes of gelatin and polyoxybutirate-co-valerate with the weight ratio 2:1 were obtained by electrospinning. The cytotoxicity of structurally stabilized samples was studied by fi ve methods: 1) dehydrothermal cross-linking with the residual pressure of 10–20 mm Hg and temperature of 120 °С; 2) injection of GA immediately into the biopolymer solution; 3) with GA vapors; 4) with GA vapors with the subsequent incubation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with рН = 7.4; 37 °С; 24 h; 5) with GA vapors with the subsequent incubation in 0.1% lysine solution with рН = 7.4; 37 °С; 24 hour in DMEM medium. Cytotoxicity of samples was evaluated according to the requirements of interstate standard GOST ISO 10993-5-2011 on the culture of mice fi broblasts of NIH 3Т3 line using extracts from samples (37 °С; 24 h) and by means of direct contact of samples with these cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Matrices treated hydrothermally demonstrated complete absence of cytotoxicity. Samples, fi xated in GA solution in the range of concentrations from 0.01 to 1.0% demonstrated a high level of cytotoxicity which does not answer the requirements of GOST ISO 10993-5-2011. Fixation of collagen and gelatin matrices with GA vapors during 48 h infl uences their cytotoxicity minimally but with the treatment time increased to 72 hours cytotoxicity escalates to severe levels. With the subsequent incubation of cytotoxic gelatin samples in PBS the decrease in cytotoxicity to the levels corresponding with the requirements of GOST ISO 10993-5-2011 was observed. For the analogous decrease in cytotoxicity of collagen fi lms treated with GA vapors during more than 48 h an additional incubation in lysine solution was needed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Dehydrothermal cross-linking method is optimal from the view point of absence of cytotoxicity of stabilized biopolymers, however its area of application is limited by the risk of infl uence of high temperatures on the medico-technical properties of the products. Fixation in GA vapors is a universally applicable and a rather simple method of treatment of medical products or biopolymer-based coatings, but it does not resolve the issue of their cytotoxicity at treatment times exceeding 48 h. Rinsing in buffer solution in case of gelatin or treatment with the amino acid (lysine) solution in case of collagen allow to decrease the level of cytotoxicity of products stabilized with GA vapors to the values corresponding with the requirements of GOST ISO 10993-5-2011.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>склеральный коллаген</kwd><kwd>желатин</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>дегидротермосшивка</kwd><kwd>глутаровый альдегид</kwd><kwd>лизин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scleral collagen</kwd><kwd>gelatin</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>dehydrothermal cross-linking</kwd><kwd>glutaraldehyde</kwd><kwd>lysine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова ТГ, Севастьянов ВИ, Шишацкая ЕИ. Полиоксиалканоаты – биоразрушаемые полимеры для медицины. Ред. В.И. Шумаков. 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