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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2016-4-16-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЯТИЛЕТНИЙ ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОЙ ВЕНО-АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСТРАКОРПОРАЛЬНОЙ МЕМБРАННОЙ ОКСИГЕНАЦИИ КАК МЕТОДА МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ У ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫХ РЕЦИПИЕНТОВ СЕРДЦА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FIVE-YEAR EXPERIENCE IN PERIPHERAL VENOARTERIAL EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION AS A METHOD OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT IN POTENTIAL HEART TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Готье</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gautier</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра трансплантологии и искусственных органов</p><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of transplantology and artifi cial organs</p><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попцов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poptsov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес: 123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1. Тел. (963) 644-96-39</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address: 1, Shchukinskaya st., Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation. Tel. (963) 644-96-39</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">poptsov_vit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаревич</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharevich</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра трансплантологии и искусственных органов</p><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of transplantology and artifi cial organs</p><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра трансплантологии и искусственных органов</p><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of transplantology and artifi cial organs</p><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ухренков</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukhrenkov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масютин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masyutin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Э. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliyev</surname><given-names>E. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чибисов</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chibisov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устин</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustin</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научный центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России&#13;
&#13;
ГБОУ ВПО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова», Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artifi cial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation&#13;
&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научный центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artifi cial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Готье С.В., Попцов В.Н., Захаревич В.М., Шевченко А.О., Спирина Е.А., Ухренков С.Г., Масютин С.А., Алиев Э.З., Воронков В.Ю., Чибисов Н.С., Устин С.Ю., Бондаренко Д.М., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Готье С.В., Попцов В.Н., Захаревич В.М., Шевченко А.О., Спирина Е.А., Ухренков С.Г., Масютин С.А., Алиев Э.З., Воронков В.Ю., Чибисов Н.С., Устин С.Ю., Бондаренко Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gautier S.V., Poptsov V.N., Zakharevich V.M., Shevchenko A.O., Spirina E.A., Ukhrenkov S.G., Masyutin S.A., Aliyev E.Z., Voronkov V.Y., Chibisov N.S., Ustin S.Y., Bondarenko D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/697">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/697</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из наиболее часто используемых методов временной механической поддержки кровообращения (МПК) при подготовке и выполнении трансплантации сердца (ТС) является вено-артериальная экстракорпоральная мембранная оксигенация (ВА ЭКМО) [Barth E. и соавт., 2012; Kittleson M.M. и соавт., 2011].</p><p>Целью исследования являлась оценка результативности применения периферической ВА ЭКМО как метода механической поддержки кровообращения у потенциальных реципиентов сердца, нуждающихся в неотложной трансплантации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включили125 потенциальных реципиентов сердца: 107 (86%) мужчин и 18 (14%) женщин в возрасте от 12 до 72 (43 ± 1,2) лет, которым была установлена система периферической ВА ЭКМО в период с 01.04.2011 г. по 12.08.2016 г. Показанием к началу применения являлась быстропрогрессирующая застойная сердечная недостаточность (ЗСН), соответствующая I или II уровню по классификации INTERMACS. Канюляцию бедренных сосудов выполняли как открытым (хирургическим), так и закрытым (пункционным) методом. Для канюляции бедренной вены использовали венозные канюли 23 и 25 F, для канюляции бедренной артерии – артериальные канюли 15 и 17 F. Во всех наблюдениях для профилактики ишемии нижней конечности на стороне канюляции бедренной артерии производили катетеризацию (однопросветный катетер 14 F) или канюляцию (артериальная канюля 8 или 10 F) поверхностной бедренной артерии в нисходящем (антероградном) направлении.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 100% (n = 125) наблюдений с целью проведения ВА ЭКМО использована периферическая методика канюляции. У 69 (55,2%) пациентов выраженность прогрессирующей ЗСН соответствовала I уровню, у 51 (40,8%) – II уровню по классификации INTERMACS. Во время ВА ЭКМО усредненная объемная скорость экстракорпорального кровотока составила от 2,2 до 4,5 (3,2 ± 0,4) л/мин или 1,6 ± 0,2 л/мин/м2 при усредненной скорости оборотов центрифужного насоса 3216 ± 105 в мин. 113 (90,4%) из 125 потенциальных реципиентов была выполнена ТС. Продолжительность применения ВА ЭКМО перед ТС (n = 113) составила от 8 ч до 40 (7,1 ± 2,7) суток: у 37 (32,7%) из 113 пациентов – до 3 суток, у 43 (38,1%) – от 4 до 7 суток, у 21 (18,6%) – от 8 до 14 суток, у 8 (7,1%) – от 15 до 21 суток, у 4 (3,5%) – более 3 недель. На фоне ВА ЭКМО, не дожив до ТС, умерло 12 (9,6%) из 125 потенциальных реципиентов (11 мужчин и 1 женщина, возраст которых составил от 21 до 63 (40 ± 4) лет). В 2 (16,7%) из 12 наблюдений причиной летального исхода явилась смерть головного мозга на фоне тромбоэмболического острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения. Большая часть пациентов (n = 10; 83,3%) погибла от прогрессирующей полиорганной недостаточности и сепсиса. У 6 из 12 пациентов имелись клинико-инструментальные проявления острой односторонней (n = 2) или двусторонней (n = 4) полисегментарной пневмонии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Периферическая ВА ЭКМО обеспечивает эффектный мост к трансплантации сердца у 90% потенциальных реципиентов, нуждающихся в предтрансплантационной МПК. Своевременность начала применения ВА ЭКМО до развития выраженных гемодинамических, органных, электролитных и метаболических нарушений создает предпосылки для успешного применения МПК у потенциальных реципиентов сердца.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is one of the most widely used methods of temporary mechanical circulatory support (MCS) during the preparation and performance of heart transplant surgery (HT) [Barth E. et al., 2012; Kittleson M.M. et al., 2011].</p><p>Aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of using peripheral VA ECMO as a method of mechanical circulatory support in potential heart transplant recipients that urgently required transplantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 125 potential heart transplant recipients (107 (86%) men and 18 (14%) women) aged from 12 to 72 (43 ± 1.2) years with a peripheral VA ECMO system installed within the period from April 01, 2011 till August 12, 2016. The indication for the start of its use was rapidly progressing congestive heart failure (CHF) of level 1 or 2 by the INTERMACS scale. Femoral blood vessel cannulation was performed using both open (surgical) and closed (puncture) methods. 23 and 25 F venous cannulae were utilized for femoral vein cannulation, and 15 and 17 F arterial cannulae were utilized for femoral artery cannulation. In all cases superfi cial femoral artery catheterization (14 F single-lumen catheter) or cannulation (8 or 10 F arterial cannula) was performed in the descending (anterograde) direction for the prevention of lower limb ischemia on the side of the femoral artery cannulation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The peripheral cannulation method was used to perform VA ECMO in 100% (n = 125) observations. In 69 (55.2%) patients the severity of progressive CHF corresponded to INTERMACS level 1; in 51 (40.8%) cases it corresponded to INTERMACS level 2. During VA ECMO the average volumetric extracorporeal circulation fl ow rate ranged from 2.2 to 4.5 (3.2 ± 0.4 l/min) or 1.6 ± 0.2 l/min/m2 with the average rotation speed of the centrifugal pump of 3.216 ± 105 rpm. 113 (90.4%) of 125 potential recipients underwent HT. The duration of VA ECMO prior to HT (n = 113) was from 8 hours to 40 (7.1 ± 2.7) days: in 37 (32.7%) of 113 patients – up to 3 days, in 43 (38.1%) cases – from 4 to 7 days, in 21 (18.6%) cases – from 8 to 14 days, in 8 (7.1%) cases from 15 to 21 days, in 4 (3.5%) cases – more than 3 weeks. In the course of VA ECMO, 12 (9.6%) of 125 potential recipients (11 men and 1 women aged from 21 to 63 (40 ± 4) died before they could receive HT. In 2 (16.7%) of 12 cases the cause of death was brain death associated with a thromboembolic cerebrovascular event. The majority of patients (n = 10; 83.3%) died of progressive multiple organ failure and sepsis. 6 of 12 patients showed clinical and instrumental signs of acute unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 4) polysegmental pneumonia.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Peripheral VA ECMO provides a successful bridge to heart transplant procedure in 90% of potential recipients who need pre-transplant MCS. The timely initiation of VA ECMO before the development of pronounced hemodynamic, organ, electrolyte and metabolic disorders creates the conditions for a successful use of MCS in potential heart transplant recipients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>механическая поддержка кровообращения</kwd><kwd>ЭКМО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart transplant</kwd><kwd>mechanical circulatory support</kwd><kwd>ECMO</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katz JN, Waters SB, Hollis IB, Chang PP. Advanced therapies for end-stage heart failure. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2015; 11: 63–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katz JN, Waters SB, Hollis IB, Chang PP. Advanced therapies for end-stage heart failure. 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