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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2015-3-32-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПЛАЗМАФЕРЕЗА ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОТТОРЖЕНИЯ ПОЧЕЧНОГО ТРАНСПЛАНТАТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF PLASMAPHERESIS IN THE TREATMENT OF GRAFT REJECTION AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватазин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatazin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulkarnaev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2, корп. 6. Тел.: (916) 705-98-99, (495) 684-57-91.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Building 6. 61/2, Shchepkina St., Moscow, 129110, Russian Federation. Tel. (916) 705-98-99, (495) 684-57-91</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7059899@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кантария</surname><given-names>Р. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kantarija</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крстич</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krstich</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского», отдел трансплантологии, нефрологии&#13;
и хирургической гемокоррекции, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Health Institution of Moscow region «M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute», division of Transplantation, nephrology and surgical haemocorrection, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Кантария Р.О., Крстич М., Фаенко А.П., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Кантария Р.О., Крстич М., Фаенко А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vatazin A.V., Zulkarnaev A.B., Kantarija R.O., Krstich M., Faenko A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/562">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/562</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие иммунологического конфликта по типу реакции «хозяин против трансплантата» всегда было главной проблемой в трансплантологии. Наиболее неблагоприятным вариантом является развитие отторжения по гуморальному типу с наличием циркулирующих иммунокомплексов и антител. Существует несколько методов для быстрого удаления антител, одними из которых являются обменный плазмаферез (ПА) и каскадный плазмаферез (КПФ). В настоящей работе представлен наш опыт применения этих двух методов и проведена сравнительная оценка эффективности в лечении острого гуморального отторжения почечного аллотрансплантата.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести сравнительную оценку эффективности традиционного и каскадного плазмафереза при обработке различных объемов плазмы в ходе лечения кризов отторжения почечного трансплантата.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и результаты</title><p>Методы и результаты. В исследование были включены 58 пациентов после трансплантации почки. У всех пациентов была повышена активность гуморального звена иммунитета, что подтвердилось свечением C4d-компонента комплемента при иммунофлюоресценции. У 26 пациентов мы провели КПФ, у 32 больных – традиционный ПА. Мы разделили больных группы КПФ на 4 подгруппы в зависимости от объема «обработанной» плазмы: &gt;50% (5 больных), 50–100% (8 больных), 100–150% (7 больных), 150–200% (6 больных) объема циркулирующий плазмы. Больных группы ПА мы также разделили на 4 подгруппы в зависимости от объема удаленной плазмы: &gt;50% (8 больных), 50–70% (12 больных), 70–90% (7 больных), 90–110% (5 больных) объема циркулирующий плазмы. Мы исследовали иммунный статус: маркеры активации гуморального иммунитета IgM, IgG до и после каждой процедуры.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Каждая процедура традиционного и каскадного плазмафереза сопровождалась выраженным снижением концентрации в крови антител класса IgM и IgG. Их уровень снижался в среднем на 30–55% от исходного. Тем не менее у ряда больных обеих групп отмечено увеличение концентрации указанных иммуноглобулинов на 1–2-е сутки после первой и второй процедуры. Эффект «рикошета» наблюдался при проведении КПФ, если за одну процедуру было «обработано» менее 100% ОЦП, а при проведении традиционного ПА удалено менее 70% ОЦП. При достижении заданных значений и увеличении объемов обработки удавалось избежать прироста IgM и IgG.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. КПФ и традиционный ПА позволяют эффективно снижать высокие титры циркулирующих антител, что сопровождается уменьшением активности гуморального звена иммунитета реципиента. При этом в случае каскадного плазмафереза необходимо обрабатывать не менее одного ОЦП, а при проведении традиционного плазмафереза – удалять не менее 70% ОЦП.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The development of immunological confl ict in the form of host-versus-graft reaction has always been main problem in transplantation. The worst case is the development of humoral rejection with the presence of circulating immune complexes and antibodies. There are several methods for quick removal of antibodies; among those are traditional plasmapheresis (PA) and double fi ltration plasmapheresis (DFPF). In this paper we present our experience with these two methods and give a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness in the treatment of acute humoral rejection in renal allograft. </p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to compare the effectiveness of traditional and double fi ltration plasmapheresis while processing different volumes of plasma in the treatment of host-versus-graft disease after kidney transplantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study included 58 patients after kidney transplantation. All patients had increased activity of humoral immunity, which was confi rmed by immunofl uorescence with luminescence C4d complement component. In 26 patients we performed DFPF, in 32 patients – traditional PA. We divided the DFPF patients into 4 subgroups depending on the amount of processed plasma: &gt; 50% (5 patients), 50–100% (8 patients), 100–150% (7 patients), 150–200% (6 patients) of circulating plasma volume. We also divided PA patients into four subgroups depending on the volume of plasma removed: &gt;50% (8 patients), 50–70% (12 patients), 70–90% (7 patients), 90–110% (5 patients) of the volume of circulating plasma. We monitored the immune status with markers of humoral immunity activation IgM, IgG before and after each of the procedures.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Each procedure of traditional PA and DFPF was accompanied by a marked decrease in blood concentrations of IgM and IgG antibodies. Their level decreased by an average of 30–55% of the original. However, some patients in both groups showed an increase in the concentration of these immunoglobulins in 1–2 days after the fi rst and the second procedures. The effect of rebound was observed during DFPF if in one procedure less than 100% of the circulation plasma volume was processed and during traditional PA if less than 70% was removed. Upon reaching the target values and increasing the processing volumes we managed to avoid growth of IgM and IgG.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. DFPF and traditional PA can effectively reduce the high titers of circulating antibodies, which is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of humoral immunity of the recipient. In the case of double fi ltration plasmapheresis at least one volume of circulating plasma should be processed and in traditional plasmapheresis – at least 70% should be removed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллотрансплантация трупной почки</kwd><kwd>антитела</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулины</kwd><kwd>плазмаферез</kwd><kwd>каскадный плазмаферез</kwd><kwd>эффект рикошета</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cadaveric kidney allotransplantation</kwd><kwd>antibodies</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>plasmapheresis</kwd><kwd>cascade plasmapheresis</kwd><kwd>rebound effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбов БТ, Томилина НА. Заместительная терапия больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью методами перитонеального диализа и трансплантации почки в Российской Федерации в 1998–2011 г. 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