vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2012-4-103-114vtio-226Research ArticleОбзор литературыLiterature ReviewsГЕПАТИТ Е: НОВАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ?HEPATITIS E: А NEW PROBLEM IN TRANSPANTOLOGY?ЗубкинМ. Л.ZubkinM. L.СемененкоТ. А.SemenenkoT. A.СельковаЕ. П.SelkovaE. P.КокоеваФ. К.KokoevaF. K.ЧервинкоВ. И.ChervinkoV. I.БалакиревЭ. М.BalakirevE. M.АлешкинВ. А.AleshkinV. A.ФБУН «Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаРоссияMoscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.N. Cabrichevskiy, MoscowRussian FederationФГБУ «НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздравсоцразвития РФРоссияN.F. Gamalei Research Institute of Epidemiology and microbiology, MoscowRussian FederationИнститут усовершенствования врачей «МУНКЦ им. П.В. Мандрыка» МО РФРоссияMedical Educational and Research Clinical Center named after P.V. Mandrykov, MoscowRussian FederationНИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. СклифосовскогоРоссияN.V. Sklifosovskiy Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, MoscowRussian Federation201229052014144ВЕСТНИК ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ И ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ том XIV No 4–2012103114Copyright © Зубкин М.Л., Семененко Т.А., Селькова Е.П., Кокоева Ф.К., Червинко В.И., Балакирев Э.М., Алешкин В.А., 20122012Зубкин М.Л., Семененко Т.А., Селькова Е.П., Кокоева Ф.К., Червинко В.И., Балакирев Э.М., Алешкин В.А.Zubkin M.L., Semenenko T.A., Selkova E.P., Kokoeva F.K., Chervinko V.I., Balakirev E.M., Aleshkin V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/226

Гепатит Е относится к группе энтеральных гепатитов и может иметь характер как эпидемической, так и спорадической инфекции. Заболевание первоначально регистрировалось только в развивающихся суб- тропических и тропических странах и было связано с заражением I или II генотипами вируса. Позже спо- радический гепатит Е был зарегистрирован в ряде развитых стран Западной Европы, Северной Америки, Юго-Восточной Азии и Океании. Эти случаи были обусловлены инфицированием, как правило, III или IV генотипами вируса гепатита Е (HEV). До недавнего времени считалось, что течение болезни имеет об- ратимый характер и обычно завершается выздоровлением за исключением случаев заражения женщин на поздних сроках беременности, у которых была описана возможность развития фульминантного гепатита. Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу публикаций последних лет, отражающих течение HEV-инфекции у больных с иммунодефицитом, в частности у реципиентов трансплантатов солидных органов, для кото- рых совсем недавно была показана возможность хронизации болезни и трансформации ее в цирроз пече- ни. Представлена информация о первых попытках противовирусной терапии у этих больных. 

Hepatitis E is enterically transmitted infection and is the cause of outbreaks and sporadic cases. Disease was originally registered only in the developing subtropical and tropical countries and has been connected with I or II genotypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV). Later sporadic hepatitis E has been registered in a number of the deve- loped countries of Western Europe, North America, South East Asia and Ocenia. These cases have been caused, as a rule, by III or IV genotypes of HEV. Until recently it was considered, that the disease is usually self-limited except pregnant women in which HEV infection is more severe, often leading to fulminant liver failure and death in a significant proportion of patients. The current review represents the analysis of publications of the last years reflecting the facts that HEV infection may develop in immunosuppressed patients, in particular in liver transplant recipients, who may then serve as long-term carriers of the virus with progression to cirrhosis. The information on the first attempts of antiviral therapy in these patients is presented. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.