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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2026-2-52-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-2140</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL TRANSPLANTOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новая модель подбора пары «донор–реципиент» с учетом индивидуальных характеристик и «баланса рисков» при трансплантации почки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A new risk-balanced donor–recipient matching model incorporating individual characteristics in kidney transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4230-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабунин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabunin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шабунин Алексей Васильевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-1610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроздов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozdov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дроздов Павел Алексеевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-2272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минина Марина Геннадьевна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-9568</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милосердов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miloserdov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милосердов Игорь Александрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-0378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шутов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shutov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шутов Евгений Викторович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-0324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеренко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеренко Игорь Викторович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7774-1892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астапович</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astapovich</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астапович Сергей Андреевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-4387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макеев Дмитрий Александрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-5081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломатин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomatin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соломатин Даниил Александрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6739-5438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курбанов Исмаил Ибрагимович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1947-5783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрик</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurik</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрик Алексей Игоревич.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5</p><p>Тел. (902) 055-77-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Yurik.</p><p>5, Vtoroy Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow, 125284</p><p>Phone: (902) 055-77-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.i.yurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital; Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-исследовательский центр – Городская клиническая больница № 52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Research Center – Hospital No. 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital; Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шабунин А.В., Дроздов П.А., Минина М.Г., Милосердов И.А., Шутов Е.В., Нестеренко И.В., Астапович С.А., Макеев Д.А., Соломатин Д.А., Курбанов И.И., Юрик А.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шабунин А.В., Дроздов П.А., Минина М.Г., Милосердов И.А., Шутов Е.В., Нестеренко И.В., Астапович С.А., Макеев Д.А., Соломатин Д.А., Курбанов И.И., Юрик А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shabunin A.V., Drozdov P.A., Minina M.G., Miloserdov I.A., Shutov E.V., Nesterenko I.V., Astapovich S.A., Makeev D.A., Solomatin D.A., Kurbanov I.I., Yurik A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2140">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2140</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: улучшить результаты трансплантации почки посредством разработки нового алгоритма подбора пары «донор–реципиент» с учетом «баланса рисков» и адаптации иммуносупрессивной терапии для каждого клинического случая, а также оценить эффективность и безопасность предложенной модели в сравнении со стандартным подходом. Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 712 реципиентов почечного трансплантата. В группу 1 (n = 472) вошли пациенты, которым трансплантация была выполнена в 2018–2023 гг. с использованием стандартного подхода к аллокации донорских органов и иммуносупрессии. Группа 2 (n = 240) включала реципиентов, оперированных в 2024–2025 гг. после внедрения новой модели подбора пары «донор–реципиент». Модель основана на стратификации реципиентов по иммунологическому риску и сопоставлении его с типом донора с целью исключения сочетания маргинальных донорских органов с реципиентами высокого риска. В зависимости от группы риска применялись модифицированные схемы индукционной иммуносупрессивной терапии и назначения ингибиторов кальциневрина. Основной конечной точкой являлась частота отсроченной функции трансплантата. Дополнительно анализировались частота инфекционных осложнений, острое отторжение, длительность госпитализации и пребывания в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии. Результаты. Частота отсроченной функции трансплантата в группе 2 составила 17,5% по сравнению с 37,1% в группе 1 (p &lt; 0,001). Инфекционные осложнения развились у 6,3% пациентов группы 2 и у 13,1% пациентов группы 1 (p = 0,007). Медиана длительности госпитализации сократилась с 19 до 15 суток (p &lt; 0,001). Статистически значимых различий по частоте острого отторжения и продолжительности пребывания в отделении реанимации выявлено не было. Заключение. Внедрение алгоритма подбора пары «донор–реципиент», основанного на принципе «баланса рисков», в сочетании с персонализированной иммуносупрессивной терапией позволило более чем в два раза снизить частоту отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата без увеличения риска острого отторжения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to improve kidney transplant (KT) outcomes by developing a risk-balance donor–recipient matching algorithm, with individualized immunosuppressive therapy, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety compared with the standard approach. Materials and methods. The study included 712 KT recipients. Group I (n = 472) comprised patients who underwent transplantation between 2018 and 2023 using the standard donor allocation and immunosuppression approach. Group II (n = 240) included recipients transplanted between 2024 and 2025 following the implementation of the new matching model. The proposed model stratifies recipients by immunological risk and aligns them with appropriate donor types, avoiding combinations of marginal donor organs with high-risk recipients. Based on risk stratification, modified induction immunosuppressive regimens and administration of calcineurin inhibitors were applied. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delayed graft function. Secondary outcomes included rates of infectious complications, acute rejection, length of hospital stay, and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Results. The incidence of delayed graft function was significantly lower in Group II compared with Group I (17.5% vs 37.1%, p &lt; 0.001). Infectious complications were also reduced (6.3% vs 13.1%, p = 0.007). The median length of hospital stay decreased from 19 to 15 days (p &lt; 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of acute rejection rates or length of stay in the intensive care unit. Conclusion. The implementation of a risk-balanced donor–recipient matching algorithm, combined with personalized immunosuppressive therapy, substantially reduced the incidence of delayed graft function without increasing the risk of acute rejection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>подбор пары «донор–реципиент»</kwd><kwd>отсроченная функция трансплантата</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd><kwd>иммунологический риск</kwd><kwd>маргинальный донор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>donor–recipient matching</kwd><kwd>delayed graft function</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd><kwd>immunological risk</kwd><kwd>marginal donors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2023 Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy Collaborators. 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