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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2025-4-48-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-2055</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск утраты трансплантата: однофакторный и многофакторный анализ при трансплантации почек от доноров с расширенными критериями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk of graft loss: single-factor and multifactor analysis in kidney transplantation from expanded criteria donors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Геннадьевна Минина </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">minmar50@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Банкеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bankeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Банкеев Дмитрий Александрович</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 5, корп. 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Bankeev</p><p>Address: 5/17, Vtoroy Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow, 125284, </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79127430997@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulkarnaev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Батыргараевич Зулькарнаев </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Сергеевич Богданов </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тенчурина</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tenchurina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эльвира Анвяровна Тенчурина</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Севостьянов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sevostyanov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; &#13;
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Минина М.Г., Банкеев Д.А., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Богданов В.С., Тенчурина Э.А., Севостьянов В.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Минина М.Г., Банкеев Д.А., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Богданов В.С., Тенчурина Э.А., Севостьянов В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Minina M.G., Bankeev D.A., Zulkarnaev A.B., Bogdanov V.S., Tenchurina E.A., Sevostyanov V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2055">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2055</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: выявление характеристик доноров и реципиентов, ассоциированных с риском утраты функции почечного трансплантата (ПАТ) при трансплантации почек (АТП), полученных от доноров с расширенными критериями и диагностированной смертью головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективное когортное многоцентровое исследование, включающее 254 донора, соответствовавших расширенным критериям UNOS, и 444 реципиента.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний возраст доноров составил 58,3 ± 4,8 года. Период холодовой консервации составил 14,4 [12,3; 17] часа. Средний возраст реципиентов составил 51,6 ± 9,6 года. MFI I класса &gt;500 единиц имели 40 (9,2%) реципиентов, MFI II класса &gt;500 единиц – 56 (12,8%) реципиентов. У 34,3% реципиентов функция трансплантата была отсроченной. Многофакторный анализ показал, что минимальная скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) (HR = 0,98; 95% ДИ 0,965–0,997; p = 0,023) и совокупный показатель уровней АЛТ и АСТ (HR = 1,208; 95% ДИ 1,063–1,372; p = 0,004) донора были значимо ассоциированы с риском утраты функции ПАТ; возраст донора не показал статистически значимой связи с риском утраты ПАТ. Среди факторов реципиента наибольший риск утраты ПАТ был ассоциирован с наличием сахарного диабета с поражением органов-мишеней (HR = 3,727; 95% ДИ 1,380–10,07; p = 0,009), нефропатии неизвестного генеза (HR = 3,816; 95% ДИ 1,212–12,02; p = 0,022) и высоким уровнем анти-HLA антител II класса (MFI) (HR = 1,125 на 1000 ед.; 95% ДИ 1,039–1,218; p = 0,004). При включении в модель СКФ через 3 месяца после трансплантации значимость донорских факторов (СКФ, АЛТ и АСТ) нивелировалась.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Факторами реципиента, ассоциированными с утратой трансплантата, являются: сахарный диабет, неустановленная причина исходной ХБП, высокий уровень анти-HLA антител II класса и СКФ через три месяца после АТП. Наиболее важными характеристиками донора, связанными с утратой ПАТ, явились: минимальная СКФ за весь период госпитализации донора и уровни АЛТ и АСТ, однако эти факторы становятся статистически не значимыми при включении в модель СКФ реципиента через три месяца после АТП.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify donor and recipient factors associated with the risk of loss of graft function in recipients of kidney grafts from expanded-criteria, brain-dead donors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective multicenter cohort study included 254 donors who met the UNOS expanded-criteria defi nition and 444 corresponding recipients. Donor and recipient characteristics, perioperative parameters, and post-transplant outcomes were analyzed using single- and multivariable Cox regression models.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Mean donor age was 58.3 ± 4.8 years, and median cold ischemia time was 14.4 [12.3–17.0] hours. Mean recipient age was 51.6 ± 9.6 years. Class I antihuman leukocyte antigen (anti-HLA) antibodies (mean fl uorescence intensity [MFI] &gt;500) were detected in 40 (9.2%) recipients, and class II antibodies in 56 (12.8%). Delayed graft function occurred in 34.3% of recipients. Multivariate analysis revealed that lower donor minimum glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (HR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.965–0.997; p = 0.023) and higher combined donor ALT + AST levels (HR = 1.208; 95% CI 1.063–1.372; p = 0.004) were signifi cantly associated with an increased risk of graft loss. Donor age was not a significant predictor. Among recipient factors, diabetes mellitus with target-organ damage (HR = 3.727; 95% CI 1.380–10.07; p = 0.009), nephropathy of unknown origin (HR = 3.816; 95% CI 1.212–12.02; p = 0.022), and elevated class II antiHLA antibody levels (HR = 1.125 per 1000 MFI; 95% CI 1.039–1.218; p = 0.004) were the strongest predictors of graft loss. When recipient GFR at three months post-transplant was included in the model, the signifi cance of donor-related factors (GFR, ALT, AST) was negated.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Recipient-related predictors of graft loss are diabetes mellitus, unknown etiology of initial CKD, high class II anti-HLA antibody levels, and reduced GFR at three months post-transplant. Donor-related predictors of graft loss are minimum GFR during the entire period of donor hospitalization and elevated ALT/AST levels; however, these factors become statistically insignificant when recipient GFR three months after KT is included in the model. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>доноры с расширенными критериями</kwd><kwd>смерть головного мозга</kwd><kwd>выживаемость трансплантата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>expanded criteria donors</kwd><kwd>brain death</kwd><kwd>graft survival</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira E, Costa J, Romãozinho C, Santos L, Macário F, Bastos C et al. Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation From Expanded-Criteria Deceased Donors: A Single-Center Experience. 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