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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2026-2-68-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-2043</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ СЕРДЦА И ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНОЕ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEART TRANSPLANTATION AND ASSISTED CIRCULATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Васкулопатия трансплантированного сердца по данным оптической когерентной томографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis of cardiac allograft vasculopathy using optical coherence tomography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3670-6565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тетерин</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teterin</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тетерин Георгий Александрович.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, бульвар Академика Л.С. Барбараша, д. 6</p><p>Тел. (906) 980-67-89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>George A. Teterin.</p><p>6, Barbarash boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002</p><p>Phone: (906) 980-67-89</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gogoshacom@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1534-264X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочергин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochergin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочергин Никита Александрович.</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Kochergin.</p><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikotwin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тетерин Г.А., Кочергин Н.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тетерин Г.А., Кочергин Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Teterin G.A., Kochergin N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2043">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2043</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: определить частоту выявления васкулопатии трансплантированного сердца (ВТС) с помощью оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) у пациентов после ортотопической трансплантации сердца (ОТС) и проанализировать ее влияние на клинические исходы. Материалы и методы. Выполнено одноцентровое ретроспективное когортное исследование, в котором были проанализированы данные пациентов, перенесших ОТС в период с 2013-го по 2024 год. Из исследования исключались пациенты с летальным исходом в 30-дневный период после ОТС. Всем пациентам в первую неделю после ОТС проводилась коронароангиография с целью выявления исходных коронарных поражений донорского сердца. В дальнейшем проводился рутинный ангиографический скрининг. При прогрессировании поражений или появлении стенозов de novo выполнялась ОКТ с целью оценки морфологии поражений. По результатам ОКТ реципиенты разделились на две группы: пациенты с ВТС и больные без ВТС. Конечными точками исследования были: инфаркт миокарда, реваскуляризация миокарда, кардиальная смерть, снижение фракции выброса левого желудочка в динамике. Результаты. В исследование включено 66 пациентов. При проведении ангиографического скрининга у 15 (22,72%) пациентов выявлены поражения коронарных артерий. После выполнения ОКТ только у 10 (15,15%) реципиентов была подтверждена ВТС. Передняя межжелудочковая артерия (ПМЖА) поражалась во всех случаях при ВТС. У пациентов с предсуществующими коронарными поражениями медиана времени до первых ангиографических находок составила 3,5 месяца, а у реципиентов без таковых – 25 месяцев. В группе ВТС у 4 (40,00%) пациентов зарегистрирован инфаркт миокарда, а в группе пациентов без ВТС ишемических событий не возникало (р &lt; 0,001). Реваскуляризация миокарда потребовалась 7 (70,00%) пациентам с ВТС, в то время как в группе без ВТС была выполнена только одна процедура по поводу исходного поражения ПМЖА (р = 0,005). Медиана фракции выброса левого желудочка в группе ВТС снизилась с 66,00% до 57,50%, при этом значимой динамики систолической функции левого желудочка в группе пациентов без ВТС не наблюдалось (р = 0,045). Заключение. ОКТ позволяет диагностировать ВТС, причем во всех случаях локализация ВТС была характерна для бассейна ПМЖА. ВТС развивалась раньше у больных с предсуществующим коронарным атеросклерозом. Также ВТС ассоциировалась с риском инфаркта миокарда и коронарной реваскуляризацией, что приводило к снижению фракции выброса левого желудочка с последующим развитием сердечной недостаточности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to determine the prevalence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in patients after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), and to analyze its impact on clinical outcomes. Materials and methods. The single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients who underwent OHT between 2013 and 2024. Patients who died within 30 days after transplantation were excluded from the analysis. All recipients underwent coronary angiography during the first week after transplantation to detect baseline coronary lesions in the donor heart. Subsequently, routine angiographic screening was performed. When lesion progression or development of de novo stenoses was suspected, additional evaluation using OCT was carried out to assess lesion morphology. Based on OCT results, recipients were divided into two groups: patients with and without CAV. The study endpoints included myocardial infarction, myocardial revascularization, cardiac death, and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during follow-up. Results. The study included 66 patients. Coronary artery disease was detected in 15 patients (22.72%) during angiographic screening. However, subsequent assessment using OCT confirmed CAV in only 10 recipients (15.15%). In all confirmed cases, the left anterior descending (LAD) artery was involved. Among patients with pre-existing coronary lesions, the median time to the first angiographic detection was 3.5 months, compared with 25 months in recipients without baseline lesions. In the CAV group, myocardial infarction occurred in 4 patients (40.0%), whereas no ischemic events were observed in the non-CAV group (p &lt; 0.001). Myocardial revascularization was required in 7 patients (70.0%) with CAV, while in the group without this condition, only one procedure was performed for an initial lesion of the LAD artery (p = 0.005). Median LVEF in the CAV group decreased from 66.0% to 57.5%, whereas no significant changes in left ventricular systolic function were observed in patients without CAV (p = 0.045). Conclusion. OCT enables reliable, early detection of CAV. In all confirmed cases, the lesions were localized around the LAD artery. CAV developed earlier in recipients with pre-existing coronary atherosclerosis. Moreover, the presence of CAV was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and the need for coronary revascularization, which was accompanied by a decline in LVEF and subsequent development of heart failure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>васкулопатия трансплантированного сердца</kwd><kwd>ортотопическая трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd><kwd>коронароангиография</kwd><kwd>фракция выброса левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>коронарный атеросклероз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiac allograft vasculopathy</kwd><kwd>orthotopic heart transplantation</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>coronary angiography</kwd><kwd>left ventricular ejection fraction</kwd><kwd>coronary atherosclerosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке комплексной программы фундаментальных научных исследований РАН в рамках фундаментальной темы НИИ КПССЗ 0419‑2025‑0001 «Разработка тканеинженерных изделий медицинского назначения для сердечно‑сосудистой хирургии с использованием методов внутрисосудистой визуализации, машинного обучения и искусственного интеллекта» при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out with the support of the Comprehensive Program of Basic Scientific Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the framework of the fundamental research theme of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases 0419-2025-0001 "Development of tissue-engineered medical products for cardiovascular surgery using methods of intravascular imaging, machine learning and artificial intelligence" with financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pober JS, Chih S, Kobashigawa J, Madsen JC, Tellides G. 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