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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2025-4-74-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-2035</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Трансплантация сердца и вспомогательное кровообращение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Heart Transplantation and Assisted Circulation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неотложная имплантация левожелудочкового обхода у детей с дооперационной краткосрочной механической поддержкой кровообращения методом периферической вено-артериальной экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urgent LVAD implantation in children on peripheral VA-ECMO support</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попцов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poptsov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попцов Виталий Николаевич</p><p>123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly Poptsov</p><p>Address: 1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">poptsov_vit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябцев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karina</surname><given-names>Ya. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabtsev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колядина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чартаев</surname><given-names>А. Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyadina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епремян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chartaev</surname><given-names>A. Ch.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодовникова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epremian</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнаткина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodovnikova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карина</surname><given-names>Я. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatkina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попцов В.Н., Рябцев Д.В., Спирина Е.А., Кузнецова А.А., Колядина В.В., Чартаев А.Ч., Епремян А.С., Солодовникова А.К., Игнаткина А.С., Карина Я.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попцов В.Н., Рябцев Д.В., Спирина Е.А., Кузнецова А.А., Колядина В.В., Чартаев А.Ч., Епремян А.С., Солодовникова А.К., Игнаткина А.С., Карина Я.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Poptsov V.N., Karina Y.S., Ryabtsev D.V., Spirina E.A., Kuznetsova A.A., Kolyadina V.V., Chartaev A.C., Epremian A.S., Solodovnikova A.K., Ignatkina A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2035">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/2035</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Трансплантация сердца (ТС) остается ведущим методом хирургического лечения детей с терминальной хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН). Более 30% детей, являющихся кандидатами на ТС, нуждаются в применении различных методов краткосрочной или длительной механической поддержки кровообращения (МПК) в связи с рефрактерностью к медикаментозной терапии. В последние годы увеличивается количество имплантаций систем левожелудочкового обхода (ЛЖО) как у подростков и детей среднего возраста, так и у более младших по возрасту и меньших по антропометрическим параметрам пациентов. Цель исследования: изучение периоперационного периода при неотложной имплантации ЛЖО у детей с критическими расстройствами гемодинамики (профиль INTERMACS I), потребовавшими применения краткосрочной МПК методом периферической вено-артериальной экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации (ВАЭКМО). Материалы и методы. Исследовали 25 пациентов в возрасте &lt;18 лет – 12 (48,0%) девочек и 13 (52,0%) мальчиков, которым был имплантирован ЛЖО в период с 1.01.2021 г. по 30.06.2024 г. Во всех наблюдениях имплантирована система ЛЖО HeartMate III. Выраженность предимплантационной ХСН соответствовала профилям по классификации INTERMACS I (n = 4; 16,0%), II (n = 9; 36,0%), III (n = 12; 48,0%). Все пациенты были разделены на две исследовательские группы в зависимости от наличия или отсутствия необходимости применения пВАЭКМО перед имплантацией ЛЖО: группа «ВАЭКМО–ЛЖО» (n = 4; 16,0%) и группа «ЛЖО» (n = 21; 84,0%). Результаты. Группа «ВАЭКМО–ЛЖО» достоверно не отличалась по возрасту, полу, основному заболеванию от группы «ЛЖО» (n = 21; 84,0%). Пациенты обеих групп в интраоперационном периоде не различались по длительности ИК, дозировкам симпатомиметических кардиотоников, потребности в терапии ингаляционным оксидом азота. Группа «ВАЭКМО–ЛЖО» характеризовалась большим (p &gt; 0,05) объемом интраоперационной кровопотери и трансфузионной терапии. В послеоперационном периоде при отсутствии различий в объеме послеоперационной кровопотери пациенты группы «ВАЭКМО–ЛЖО» чаще (p &lt; 0,05) нуждались в рестернотомии (25% против 9,5%), в большей (в 1,79 раза, p &lt; 0,05) продолжительности послеоперационной ИВЛ, чаще (в 2,5 раза, p = 0,166) требовали заместительной почечной терапии, и лечение в условиях ОРИТ было дольше (в 2,75 раза, p = 0,041). В группе «ВАЭКМО–ЛЖО» частота развития выраженной острой правожелудочковой дисфункции (ОПЖД) была достоверно большей (25,0% против 9,5%, р = 0,016). Достоверного различия в послеоперационной госпитальной летальности выявлено не было. Заключение. Продемонстрирована высокая результативность неотложной имплантации левожелудочкового обхода у детей с критическими расстройствами гемодинамики, потребовавшими дооперационного применения краткосрочной механической поддержки кровообращения методом периферической вено-артериальной экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации. Необходимо учитывать наличие и выраженность полиорганных нарушений как до, так и после имплантации левожелудочкового обхода, а также объем периоперационной кровопотери у данной категории пациентов, что определяет тактику анестезиологического и реанимационного пособия и непосредственные результаты длительной механической поддержки кровообращения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Heart transplantation (HT) remains the primary surgical treatment for children with end-stage chronic heart failure (CHF). More than 30% of pediatric HT candidates require shortor long-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS) due to refractoriness to medical therapy. In recent years, the use of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) systems has expanded not only in teenagers and middle-aged children but also in younger and smaller patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to investigate the perioperative course of emergency LVAD implantation in children with critical hemodynamic compromise (INTERMACS proﬁle I) requiring short-term MCS via peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We studied 25 patients under 18 years of age (12 girls, 48.0%; 13 boys, 52.0%) who had a HeartMate III LVAD LVAD implanted between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2024. The severity of pre-implantation CHF was classiﬁed according to INTERMACS proﬁles: I (n = 4, 16.0%), II (n = 9, 36.0%), and III (n = 12, 48.0%). Patients were divided into two groups based on the need for VA-ECMO prior to LVAD implantation: the VA-ECMO–LVAD group (n = 4, 16.0%) and the LVAD group (n = 21, 84.0%).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The VA-ECMO–LVAD group (n = 4) did not diﬀer signiﬁcantly from the LVAD group (n = 21) in age, sex, or underlying disease. Intraoperatively, there were no signiﬁcant diﬀerences between groups in the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, doses of sympathomimetic cardiotonics, or the use of inhaled nitric oxide. The VA-ECMO–LVAD group showed a trend toward greater intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements (p &gt; 0.05). In the postoperative period, blood loss volumes were similar between groups. However, patients in the VA-ECMO–LVAD group more frequently required re-sternotomy (25% vs 9.5%, p &lt; 0.05), had a longer duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation (1.79-fold, p &lt; 0.05), more often required renal replacement therapy (2.5-fold, p = 0.166), and had signiﬁcantly longer ICU stays (2.75-fold, p = 0.041). In the VA-ECMO–LVAD group, the incidence of severe acute right ventricular dysfunction was signiﬁcantly higher (25.0% vs 9.5%, p = 0.016). No signiﬁcant diﬀerence in postoperative hospital mortality was observed between the two groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Emergency implantation of an LVAD system in children with critical hemodynamic instability requiring preoperative short-term MCS using peripheral VA-ECMO has demonstrated high eﬀectiveness. However, careful consideration should be given to the presence and severity of multiple organ dysfunction before and after LVAD implantation, as well as perioperative blood loss. These factors largely determine the anesthetic and resuscitative management strategies, as well as the immediate outcomes of long-term MCS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечная недостаточность у детей</kwd><kwd>трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>механическая поддержка кровообращения</kwd><kwd>ВА ЭКМО</kwd><kwd>левожелудочковый обход</kwd><kwd>правожелудочковый обход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric heart failure</kwd><kwd>heart transplantation</kwd><kwd>mechanical circulatory support</kwd><kwd>VA-ECMO</kwd><kwd>left ventricular assist device</kwd><kwd>right ventricular dysfunction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cleveland JD, Kumar SR. Current opinion in pediatric heart transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2021 Jun 1; 26 (3): 290–295. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000870. 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