T cells not only provide cellular immunity, but also exert control over the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of cells across diverse target tissues, thereby regulating both physiological and reparative regenerative processes. Evidence demonstrates that these cells contribute to the restoration of parenchymal organ structures, promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, activate neurogenesis, and modulate myogenesis and angiogenesis. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which T cells regulate reparative processes within the vascular system, highlighting key aspects such as cell–cell interactions between T cells and endothelial cells, the role of chemokine receptors in mediating T-cell adhesion to the endothelium, and their capacity to synthesize angiogenic growth factors including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), amphiregulin, and a broad range of interleukins. The review also describes the ability of T cells to control post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in endothelial cells through small non-coding RNA molecules (miRNAs). Specifically, information is provided on the angiogenic roles of miRNAs previously identified in T cells: miR-16, miR-21, miR-25, miR-150, miR-155, miR-181, and miR-451, and the mechanisms through which they mediate these effects.