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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2026-1-138-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-1935</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Трансплантация сердца и вспомогательное кровообращение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Heart Transplantation and Assisted Circulation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Связь циркулирующих IgG-антител к антигенам главного комплекса гистосовместимости человека (IgG-анти-HLA) с развитием нежелательных событий у реципиентов сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Association between circulating anti-HLA IgG antibodies and adverse events in heart transplant recipients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-7045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anuta.gon4arova2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоскова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koloskova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гичкун</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gichkun</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гичкун Ольга Евгеньевна</p><p>123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1. Тел. (499) 190-38-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Gichkun</p><p>1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182,</p><p>Phone: (499) 190-38-77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gichkunoe@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Sechenov University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет); ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Sechenov University; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гончарова А.Ю., Качанова Ю.А., Колоскова Н.Н., Гичкун О.Е., Шевченко А.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гончарова А.Ю., Качанова Ю.А., Колоскова Н.Н., Гичкун О.Е., Шевченко А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goncharova A.Y., Kachanova Y.A., Koloskova N.N., Gichkun O.E., Shevchenko A.O.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1935">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1935</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить связь выявляемых в крови антител HLA с частотой нежелательных событий – смерти и ретрансплантации, а также оценить эффективность специфического лечения дисфункции трансплантированного сердца.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективное исследование, основанное на результатах анализа выживаемости и нежелательных событий реципиентов сердца, госпитализированных с признаками недостаточности кровообращения («дисфункции сердечного трансплантата»). Всем реципиентам трансплантированного сердца были выполнены эндомиокардиальная биопсия с исследованием 6 образцов с помощью гистологического и иммуногистохимического методов, коронароангиография и исследование уровня анти-HLA IgG в сыворотке крови с помощью аппарата Luminex. Повторные исследования уровня анти-HLA IgG выполнялись только при выявлении таковых на первом этапе исследования после проведения специфических методов лечения отторжения трансплантата сердца.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследование было включено 362 реципиента сердца, наблюдавшихся в стационаре ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТИО им. ак. В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России в период с января 2018 года по ноябрь 2024 года, в возрасте от 18 до 72 лет (средний возраст 48,1 ± 1,3), средний срок после трансплантации сердца у которых составил 1343,6 ± 125,1 сут (ДИ 95% 1218,5–1408,6), среди которых было 69 лиц женского пола, 293 – мужского. IgG анти-HLA были выявлены у 111 реципиентов (30,7%). Однофакторный анализ выявил достоверную связь нежелательных событий с наличием повторной трансплантации сердца (р = 0,005), применением методов механической поддержки кровообращения в периоперационном периоде трансплантации сердца (p &lt; 0,003), возрастом моложе 46 лет на момент госпитализации (р = 0,023) и содержанием IgG анти-HLA класса II maxMFI выше 5000 (p = 0,042). Регрессионный анализ с поправкой на уровень IgG анти-HLA класса II показал, что только исходно повышенные содержания IgG анти-HLA класса II (maxMFI выше 5000) и выявление любых уровней IgG анти-HLA класса II после этиотропного лечения были связаны с риском нежелательных событий.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У реципиентов сердца, госпитализированных с признаками недостаточности кровообращения, обусловленными «дисфункцией сердечного трансплантата», выявление в крови IgG анти-HLA класса II (maxMFI выше 5000), а также наличие остаточного содержания IgG антиHLA класса II после этиотропного лечения антителоопосредованного отторжения является независимым предиктором нежелательных событий – ретрансплатации сердца и смерти.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the relationship between circulating anti-HLA antibodies and the incidence of adverse events (death and retransplantation) and to evaluate the effectiveness of targeted therapies for graft dysfunction.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted among heart transplant recipients hospitalized with signs of circulatory failure (graft dysfunction). All patients underwent coronary angiography, endomyocardial biopsy, and serological testing for anti-HLA IgG antibodies at baseline and, when applicable, after treatment. All heart transplant recipients underwent endomyocardial biopsy with examination of six tissue samples using histological and immunohistochemical techniques, and coronary angiography. Anti-HLA IgG levels in serum were measured using a Luminex device. Follow-up anti-HLA IgG testing was performed only in patients with initially detectable antibodies and after administration of specific therapies for presumed graft rejection.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study included 362 heart transplant recipients observed at Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs between January 2018 and November 2024. Participants were aged 18–72 years (mean 48.1 ± 1.3 years) with a mean post-transplant follow-up of 1343.6 ± 125.1 days (95% CI 1218.5–1408.6), comprising 69 females and 293 males. Anti-HLA IgG antibodies were detected in 111 recipients (30.7%). Univariate analysis identified significant associations between adverse events and: repeat heart transplantation (p = 0.005), perioperative use of mechanical circulatory support (p &lt; 0.003), age under 46 years at hospitalization (p = 0.023), and anti-HLA II maxMFI above 5000 (p = 0.042). Regression analysis adjusted for anti-HLA II levels showed that only initially elevated anti-HLA II maxMFI levels (&gt;5000) and the persistence of any anti-HLA II levels after etiotropic treatment were associated with the risk of adverse events.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In heart recipients hospitalized with signs of circulatory failure due to graft dysfunction, the presence of anti-HLA II maxMFI titers above 5000 at baseline, as well as residual anti-HLA II titers after etiotropic treatment for antibody-mediated rejection, are independent predictors of adverse events, including retransplantation and death.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>анти-HLA</kwd><kwd>антителоопосредованное отторжение трансплантата сердца</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart transplantation</kwd><kwd>anti-HLA</kwd><kwd>antibody-mediated rejection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кван ВС, Колоскова НН, Качанова ЮА, Сайфуллина НН, Гончарова АЮ, Круглый ЛБ, Шевченко АО. Антителоопосредованное отторжение трансплантата сердца. 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