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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2012-3-69-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭТИОЛОГИЯ, ПАТОГЕНЕЗ И МОРФОЛОГИЯ БИЛИАРНОЙ АТРЕЗИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND MORPHOLOGY OF BILIARY ATRESIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ирышкин</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iryshkin</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильинский</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyinsky</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цирульникова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsirulnikova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Готье</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gautier</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ФНЦ трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России, г. Москва</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>ВЕСТНИК ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ И ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ том XIV No 3–2012</issue-title><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ирышкин О.Е., Ильинский И.М., Цирульникова О.М., Готье С.В., 2012</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ирышкин О.Е., Ильинский И.М., Цирульникова О.М., Готье С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iryshkin O.E., Ilyinsky I.M., Tsirulnikova O.M., Gautier S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/193">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/193</self-uri><abstract><p>Билиарная атрезия представляет собой воспалительно-фиброзирующий процесс, поражающий как вне- печеночные, так и внутрипеченочные желчные протоки. Выделяют две формы билиарной атрезии: эм- бриональную, ассоциирующуюся с другими аномалиями внутренних органов, и перинатальную, при которой билиарная атрезия является изолированной. Билиарная атрезия является гетерогенным заболева- нием, возможно, как исход различных этиологических факторов, наибольшее значение из которых имеет генетическая предрасположенность, вирусная инфекция, сосудистые и токсические факторы, а также дисрегуляция иммунной системы. К характерным морфологическим изменениям печени при билиарной атрезии относятся: застой желчи в гепатоцитах и желчных протоках, пролиферация желчных протоков, гигантская трансформация гепатоцитов, портальный и перилобулярный отек и фиброз. По мере прогрес- сирования патологического процесса появляется дуктопения, и фиброз переходит в цирроз. При эмбрио- нальной форме морфологически выявляются пороки развития дуктальных пластинок, что является важ- ным диагностическим критерием. Прогноз билиарной атрезии зависит от формы заболевания, возраста пациентов и вида хирургического лечения. В настоящее время хирургическое лечение включает в себя два этапа: паллиативная портоэнтеростомия, осуществляемая в неонатальном периоде, и последующая трансплантация печени. Однако предпочтительнее одноэтапное лечение – трансплантация печени. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Biliary atresia is an inflammatory fibrosing process, which invades both extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts. There are two forms of biliary atresia: embryonic form, associated with another visceral malformations, and perinatal form, which is an isolated disease. Biliary atresia is a heterogeinc disease which may appear as a result of different etiological factors, the most important of them are genetics, viral infection, vascular factors, toxins and disregulation of immune system. The characteristic morphological features of biliaryatresia are: intracellular and ductular cholestasis, ductular proliferation, giant cell transformation, portal and perilobular oedema and/or fibrosis. As the patalogical process progresses, ductopenia appears, and fibrosis turns to cirrhosis. Embryonic form mophologically manifests with ductal plate malformation is, what is an important diagnostic criterion. Pro- gnosis of biliary atresia depends on form of disease, age of patient and type of surgical operation. Today surgical treatment includes two steps: palliative portoenterostomia, performed in neonatal period and further liver trans- plantation. However liver transplantation is more preferable as first and single-step treatment. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>билиарная атрезия</kwd><kwd>облитерация внепеченочных желчных протоков</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>портоэнтеростомия</kwd><kwd>трансплантация печени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biliary atresia</kwd><kwd>obliteration of the extrahepatic biliary tract liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>portoenterostomia</kwd><kwd>liver transplantation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Готье С.В., Константинов Б.А., Цирульникова О. М. Трансплантация печени. М.: Мед. информационное агентство, 2008. 246 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Готье С.В., Константинов Б.А., Цирульникова О. М. Трансплантация печени. 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