vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2022-2-31-38vtio-1492Research ArticleКлиническая трансплантологияClinical TransplantologyHBV-инфекция у пациентов после трансплантации печени (Обзор литературы)Post-liver transplant HBV infection (Review)НикогосоваА. Д.NikogosovaA. D.

Никогосова Анна Дмитриевна

123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1Тел. (958) 828-32-09

Anna Nikogosova

1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182Phone: (958) 828-32-09

benevolenskaya.a@gmail.comУмрикД. В.UmrikD. V.

Москва

Moscow

benevolenskaya.a@gmail.comЦирульниковаО. М.TsirulnikovaO. M.

Москва

Moscow

benevolenskaya.a@gmail.comФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияShumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial OrgansRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияShumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Sechenov UniversityRussian Federation2022040520222423138Copyright © Никогосова А.Д., Умрик Д.В., Цирульникова О.М., 20222022Никогосова А.Д., Умрик Д.В., Цирульникова О.М.Nikogosova A.D., Umrik D.V., Tsirulnikova O.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1492

Хроническое инфицирование вирусом гепатита B (НBV-инфекция) широко распространено во всем мире. Согласно данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, около 300 млн человек в мире имеют маркеры HBV-инфекции, распространенность варьирует от 0,4 до 8,5% в зависимости от региона. НBV-инфекция без лечения, по крайней мере, у одной трети пациентов приводит к тяжелому заболеванию печени, включая цирроз печени и гепатоцеллюлярную карциному. В то время как вакцинация и новые противовирусные препараты эффективны в предотвращении тяжелых последствий HBV-инфекции, трансплантация печени остается единственным радикальным методом лечения пациентов с циррозом печени на фоне поражения печени HBV-инфекцией. У больных с репликацией HBV рецидив в трансплантате возникает в 100% случаев, что требует проведения противовирусной терапии в сочетании с иммуносупрессивной. По данным литературы, у пациентов без репликации и даже у пациентов без маркеров перенесенной HBV-инфекции НВV-инфекция de novo после ортотопической трансплантации печени наблюдается в 1,7–5% случаев [Castells L. et al., 2002]. После трансплантации печени реципиентам печени с исходным хроническим гепатитом В и пациентам с гепатитом В, возникшим de novo после трансплантации, показано проведение длительной противовирусной терапии.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is common throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization, about 300 million people around the world are living with the HBV infection markers, with prevalence ranging from 0.4% to 8.5%, depending on the region. Untreated HBV infection results in severe liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in at least one third of patients. While vaccination and new antiviral drugs are effective in preventing the severe consequences of HBV infection, liver transplantation remains the ultimate therapy for patients with HBV in cirrhosis. In patients with HBV replication, recurrence in the graft occurs in 100% of cases, which requires antiviral therapy combined with immunosuppressive therapy. According to the literature, de novo HBV infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) in patients without replication and even in patients negative for hepatitis B surface antigen is between 1.7% and 5% [Castells L. et al., 2002]. After OLTx, liver recipients with baseline chronic HBV infection and patients with de novo HBV infection occurring after transplantation are indicated for long-term antiviral therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.