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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2022-2-8-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-1490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Микробиом» осложнений после трансплантации печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The «microbiome» of post-liver transplant complications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимов</surname><given-names>У. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimov</surname><given-names>U. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салимов Умид Равшанович</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, 8Тел. +375 (33) 6828430</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Umid Salimov</p><p>8, Semashko str., Minsk, 220045Phone: +375 (33) 6828430</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ussalimov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стома</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stoma</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor.stoma@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щерба</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Scherba</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleina@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорук</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoruk</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tetrafed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalev.data.analysis.gsmu@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руммо</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rummo</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olegrumm@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минский научно-практический центр хирургии, трансплантологии и гематологии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Minsk Scientific and Practical Center for Surgery, Transplantology and Hematology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салимов У.Р., Стома И.О., Щерба А.Е., Федорук А.М., Ковалев А.А., Руммо О.О., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салимов У.Р., Стома И.О., Щерба А.Е., Федорук А.М., Ковалев А.А., Руммо О.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salimov U.R., Stoma I.O., Scherba A.E., Fedoruk A.M., Kovalev A.A., Rummo O.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1490">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1490</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье приводится обзор современной литературы и краткий анализ собственных данных по одному из наиболее актуальных вопросов современной трансплантологии, и в частности трансплантационной гепатологии, – роли и месте печеночно-интестинальной оси в раннем посттрансплантационном периоде. Цель: сравнение корреляционной взаимосвязи микробиомной палитры кишечника с частотой развития тех или иных осложнений раннего послеоперационного периода у пациентов, перенесших трансплантацию печени. Материалы и методы. Дизайн исследования представлен в виде пилотного, проспективного, обсервационного, двойного слепого исследования, основанного на изучении состава микробиома толстого кишечника у пациентов, перенесших ортотопическую трансплантацию печени. Первичную когорту больных составили 12 пациентов, перенесших ортотопическую трансплантацию печени от посмертного донора. Для оценки микробиомной палитры кишечника у всех пациентов в до- и посттрансплантационном периоде проводился забор биоматериала с последующим секвенированием нового поколения. Исследование проводилось в качестве первичных результатов исследования, зарегистрированных за номером NCT04281797. Результаты. В предоперационном периоде у пациентов, включенных в лист ожидания трансплантации печени по поводу цирроза печени и гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы, на фоне цирроза печени были определены различия, приближенные к статистически достоверным в отношении Actinobacteria, однако данная когорта в силу пилотного характера исследования была ограничена крайне малой выборкой. В свою очередь, в посттрансплантационном периоде между пациентами указанных групп была отмечена статистически достоверная разница в таксонометрическом ряде Actinobacteria (p &lt; 0,05), что указывает на возможное влияние трансплантации печени на микробиом кишечника. Кроме того, в раннем посттрансплантационном периоде было отмечено выраженное различие микробиомной палитры между пациентами с развившимся острым клеточным отторжением трансплантата и без него. Заключение. Печеночно-интестинальная ось и кишечный микробиом играют критически важную роль в течении и прогрессировании многих заболеваний печени, а также могут оказывать существенное влияние на течение посттрансплантационного периода. В этой связи дальнейшие исследования в этом направлении позволят не только охарактеризовать предикторы и факторы риска развития бактериальной инфекции и эпизодов отторжения, но и сформировать совершенно новый подход к лечебной тактике тех или иных осложнений, в том числе за счет формирования микробиота-ориентированной фармакотерапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper reviews modern literature and presents a brief analysis of our own data on one of the most pressing issues in modern transplantology and, in particular, transplant hepatology – the role and place of gut-liver axis (GLA) in the early post-transplant period. Objective: to compare the correlation between gut microbiome palette and incidence of certain early postoperative complications in liver transplantation. Materials and methods. The study design is presented as a pilot, prospective, observational, double-blind study based on investigation of the composition of the microbiome residing in the large intestinal in patients that underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). The primary cohort of patients consisted of 12 patients who underwent OLTx from a postmortem donor. To assess the gut microbiome palette, biomaterial was collected from all patients in the preand post-transplant period followed by next-generation sequencing. The study was conducted as primary study results registered under number NCT04281797. Results. In the preoperative period, differences close to statistically reliable in relation to Actinobacteria were observed in patients included in the liver transplant waiting list for cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. However, due to the pilot nature of the study, this study cohort was limited to an extremely small sample. In turn, in the post-transplant period, there was a statistically significant difference in the taxonomic range of Actinobacteria (p &lt; 0.05) between the above groups, indicating a possible effect of liver transplantation on the gut microbiome. In addition, in the early post-transplant period, there was a marked difference in the microbiome palette between patients with and without acute cellular rejection. Conclusion. GLA and the gut microbiome play a critical role in many liver diseases, and may also have a significant impact on the post-transplant period. In this regard, further research in this direction will not only characterize the predictors and risk factors of bacterial infection and rejection episodes, but will also allow us to form a completely new approach to the treatment tactics for certain complications, including through formation of a microbiota-oriented pharmacotherapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация печени</kwd><kwd>бактериальные осложнения</kwd><kwd>печеночно-интестинальная ось</kwd><kwd>гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома</kwd><kwd>острое клеточное отторжение</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver transplantation</kwd><kwd>bacterial complications</kwd><kwd>gut­liver axis</kwd><kwd>hepatocellular carcinoma</kwd><kwd>acute cellular rejection</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Volta U, Bonazzi C, Bianchi FB, Baldoni AM, Zoli M, Pisi E. 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