vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2022-1-72-88vtio-1463Research ArticleРегенеративная медицина и клеточные технологииRegenerative Medicine and Cell TechnologiesПрограммируемая гибель клеток и заболевания печениProgrammed cell death and liver diseasesОнищенкоН. А.OnishchenkoN. A.

Москва

Moscow

ГониковаЗ. З.GonikovaZ. Z.

Гоникова Залина Залимгериевна

123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1.

Тел. (966) 188-33-33

Zalina Gonikova.

1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182

Phone: (966) 188-33-33

 

zalina3392@gmail.comНикольскаяА. О.NikolskayaA. O.

Москва

Moscow

КирсановаЛ. А.KirsanovaL. A.

Москва

Moscow

СевастьяновВ. И.SevastianovV. I.

Москва

Moscow

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияShumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial OrgansRussian Federation2022030220222417288Copyright © Онищенко Н.А., Гоникова З.З., Никольская А.О., Кирсанова Л.А., Севастьянов В.И., 20222022Онищенко Н.А., Гоникова З.З., Никольская А.О., Кирсанова Л.А., Севастьянов В.И.Onishchenko N.A., Gonikova Z.Z., Nikolskaya A.O., Kirsanova L.A., Sevastianov V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1463

Гибель клеток печени является наиболее критическим состоянием, которое предопределяет формирование в ней таких патологических состояний, как воспаление, фиброз и клеточная трансформация. Проведен анализ результатов исследований об участии различных типов программируемой гибели клеток (ПГК) в патогенезе заболеваний печени. Рассмотрено три основных типа ПГК (аутофагия, апоптоз, некроз) и пять дополнительных, пока недостаточно изученных ПГК – некроптоз, ферроптоз, пироптоз, партанатоз и энтоз, наблюдаемых в печени при различных острых и хронических заболеваниях. Установлено одновременное участие нескольких ПГК в развитии какой-либо одной патологии и одного типа ПГК в разных патологиях. Этот факт свидетельствует о существовании перекрестной регуляции метаболизма в клетках печени с различным уровнем повреждения при формировании основного доминирующего типа ПГК. Имеющиеся результаты указывают на возможность ослабления (коррекции) функциональных и морфологических проявлений ПГК в органе путем контролируемого блокирования эффекторных путей ПГК, а также направленной индукции в клетках печени аутофагии, антиапоптотических и антинекротических механизмов.

Cell death represents the most critical pathologic entity in liver disease, which dictates pathologic consequences such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cell transformation. We analyzed the conclusions of studies on the involvement of different types of programmed cell death (PCD) in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Three main forms of PCD (autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis) and five additional, still insufficiently studied PCD – necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, partanatosis and entosis – observed in the liver in various acute and chronic diseases are considered. The involvement of several PCD at once in the development of any one pathology and one type of PCD in different pathologies was established. This indicates the existence of cross-regulation of metabolism in the liver cells with different levels of damage in the formation of the main dominant type of PCD. Available results indicate the possibility of attenuation (correction) of functional and morphological manifestations of PCD in the organ by controlled blocking of effector-mediated PCD pathways, as well as targeted induction of autophagy, anti-apoptotic and anti-necrotic mechanisms in liver cells.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.