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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2021-4-13-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-1433</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая трансплантология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Transplantology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эффективности протоколов профилактики цитомегаловирусной инфекции у реципиентов почки детского возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the effectiveness of prophylactic strategies for cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric kidney recipients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цирульникова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsirulnikova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиева</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhieva</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаджиева Патимат Магомедовна</p><p>123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1</p><p>Тел. (916) 358-16-80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Patimat Gadzhieva</p><p>1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation</p><p>Phone: (916) 358-16-80</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gadzhievamd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милосердов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miloserdov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайдулаев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saydulaev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашкова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цирульникова О.М., Гаджиева П.М., Милосердов И.А., Сайдулаев Д.А., Пашкова И.Е., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цирульникова О.М., Гаджиева П.М., Милосердов И.А., Сайдулаев Д.А., Пашкова И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsirulnikova O.M., Gadzhieva P.M., Miloserdov I.A., Saydulaev D.A., Pashkova I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1433">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1433</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦМВ-инфекция представляет собой наиболее серьезную вирусную инфекцию у реципиентов почечного трансплантата, которая может возникнуть в посттрансплантационном периоде как у взрослых, так и у реципиентов детского возраста. Разработка и применение эффективного протокола профилактики и лечения ЦМВ-инфекции у реципиентов почки детского возраста является приоритетной задачей.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести сравнительный анализ эффективности применяемых протоколов профилактики ЦМВ-инфекции у реципиентов почки детского возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 118 пациентов, перенесших первичную трансплантацию почки в НМИЦ ТИО им. ак. В.И. Шумакова. На основе ретроспективного анализа все реципиенты были разделены на две группы в зависимости от применяемой у них стратегии профилактики после трансплантации почки. Срок наблюдения реципиентов почки детского возраста составил от 108 до 1803 (623,5 ± 379,5) дней. Контроль активности ЦМВ-инфекции осуществлялся методом полимеразной цепной реакции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота эпизодов активации цитомегаловирусной инфекции в периоды 3 и 6 месяцев не зависела от применяемой стратегии профилактики. Частота рецидивов цитомегаловирусной инфекции через год после операции достоверно ниже (р = 0,037) при использовании Стратегии 2. Не зафиксировано ни одного случая ЦМВ-синдрома или ЦМВ-заболевания, дисфункции трансплантата или хронического отторжения, связанного с цитомегаловирусной инфекцией. Повышение дозы противовирусных препаратов в рамках Стратегии 1 не увеличивает риск цитотоксичности и нефротоксичности, которые являются обратимыми (уровень креатинина достоверно не отличался в исследуемых группах в 3, 6, 12 месяцев – р = 0,542, р = 0,287, р = 0,535 соответственно). Частота отторжения трансплантированной почки не возрастает у пациентов при снижении дозы иммунодепрессантов в рамках Стратегии 2.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты настоящего исследования подтверждают эффективность использования у реципиентов почки детского возраста обеих стратегий профилактики ЦМВ-инфекции. Однако выбор стратегии профилактики определяется индивидуальными характеристиками пациента и требует персонифицированного подхода.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most severe viral infection in renal transplant recipients, which can occur in the post-transplant period in both adult and pediatric recipients. Developing and applying an effective prevention and treatment strategy for pediatric renal graft recipients is a priority. Objective: to compare the effectiveness of the protocols used for the prevention of CMV infection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study enrolled 118 patients who underwent primary kidney transplantation at Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs. Based on retrospective analysis, all recipients were divided into two groups, depending on the prophylactic strategy after kidney transplantation. The followup period for pediatric kidney recipients ranged from 108 to 1803 (623.5 ± 379.5) days. CMV infection activity was monitored by polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The frequency of CMV infection activation episodes at 3 and 6 months was independent of the prophylaxis strategy used. The recurrence rate of CMV infection one year after surgery was significantly lower (p = 0.037) with Strategy 2. No cases of CMV syndrome or CMV disease, graft dysfunction, or chronic rejection associated with CMV infection were reported. Increasing the dose of antiviral drugs in Strategy 1 did not increase the risk of cytotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which are reversible (creatinine levels were not significantly different in the study groups at 3, 6, 12 months, p = 0.542, p = 0.287, p = 0.535, respectively). The incidence of kidney graft rejection did not increase in patients with lower doses of immunosuppressants in Strategy 2.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Both prophylactic strategies are effective in pediatric kidney recipients. However, the choice of a strategy depends on the individual characteristics of the patient and requires a personalized approach.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитомегаловирусная инфекция (ЦМВ)</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>универсальная профилактика</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>нефрология</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>universal prophylaxis</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>nephrology</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Witzke O, Nitschke M, Bartels M et al. Valganciclovir Prophylaxis Versus Preemptive Therapy in Cytomegalovirus- Positive Renal Allograft Recipients Long-term Results After 7 Years of a Randomized Clinical Trial. 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