vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2021-2-167-176vtio-1377Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSОсобенности течения злокачественных новообразований на фоне иммуносупрессивной терапии у реципиентов сердцаСlinical features of malignant tumors against the background of immunosuppressive therapy in heart transplant recipientsКруглыйЛ. Б.KrouglyL. B.

Круглый Лев Борисович

123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1

Lev B. Krougly

1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182

krouglylev@mail.ruКолосковаН. Н.KoloskovaN. N.

Москва

Moscow

НикулинА. В.NikulinA. V.

Москва

Moscow

ПашковИ. В.PashkovI. V.

Москва

Moscow

ПопцовВ. Н.PoptsovV. N.

Москва

Moscow

ШевченкоА. О.ShevchenkoA. O.

Москва

Moscow

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияShumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial OrgansRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияShumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Sechenov UniversityRussian Federation202112072021232167176Copyright © Круглый Л.Б., Колоскова Н.Н., Никулин А.В., Пашков И.В., Попцов В.Н., Шевченко А.О., 20212021Круглый Л.Б., Колоскова Н.Н., Никулин А.В., Пашков И.В., Попцов В.Н., Шевченко А.О.Krougly L.B., Koloskova N.N., Nikulin A.V., Pashkov I.V., Poptsov V.N., Shevchenko A.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1377

По мере улучшения выживаемости реципиентов сердца существенное значение для их прогноза приобретает более частое развитие злокачественных новообразований в позднем послеоперационном периоде. Иммуносупрессивная терапия – одно из ключевых условий, необходимых для успешной трансплантации, однако длительное использование иммунодепрессантов повышает частоту заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями по сравнению с общей популяцией. Риск их развития после трансплантации органов увеличивается в 2–4 раза по сравнению с популяцией в целом. Для пациентов, перенесших трансплантацию с 2000 г., риск развития злокачественных новообразований через 1–5 лет после операции оценивается в 10–12%. Своевременное комплексное обследование пациентов, разработка новых схем иммуносупрессии, лечение инфекций, предрасполагающих к развитию злокачественных новообразований, отказ от вредных привычек позволят снизить риски возникновения злокачественных новообразований и помогут диагностировать эти серьезные осложнения на ранних стадиях, что, в свою очередь, увеличит продолжительность жизни реципиентов солидных органов, в частности сердца.

As the survival rate of cardiac recipients improves, higher incidence of malignancy in the late postoperative period becomes essential for their prognosis. Immunosuppressive therapy is one of the key prerequisites for successful transplantation. However, long-term use of immunosuppressive agents increases the incidence of malignant tumors compared to the general population. The risk of their development after organ transplantation increases by 2–4 times compared to the general population. For patients who have undergone transplantation since 2000, the risk of developing malignant neoplasms 1–5 years after surgery is estimated at 10–12%. Timely comprehensive examination of patients, development of new immunosuppression schemes, treatment of those predisposing to the development of malignant neoplasms and giving up harmful habits will reduce the risk of malignant tumors and help diagnose these serious complications at an early stage, which, in turn, will increase the life expectancy of solid organ (particularly the heart) recipients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.