<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2021-2-36-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-1249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ОРГАНОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трансплантация почки в Казахстане: проблема дефицита донорских органов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kidney transplantation in Kazakhstan: the burden of organ shortage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдугафаров</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdugafarov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдугафаров Саиткарим Абдугапирович, врач-трансплантолог отделениz гепатологии, гастроэнтерологии и трансплантации органов</p><p>Нур-Султан</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saitkarim A. Abdugafarov. transplant surgeon hepatology, gastroenterology and transplant surgery</p><p>Nur-Sultan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sait.surgeon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асыкбаев</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Assykbayev</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асыкбаев Мэлс Нурсеитович </p><p>Отделение гепатоогии, гастроэнтерологии и трансплантации органов</p><p>Нур-Султан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mels N. Asykbayev. transplant surgeon hepatology, gastroenterology and transplant surgery</p><p>Nur-Sultan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.mels.assykbay@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапарбай</surname><given-names>Д. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saparbay</surname><given-names>D. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сапарбай Джамиля Жумабековна, врач трансплантолог отделение гепатологии, гастроэнтерологии и трансплантации органов</p><p>01-0000, Нур-Султан, ул. Керей и Жанибек ханов, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzhamilya J. Saparbay. transplant surgeon hepatology, gastroenterology and transplant surgery</p><p>3, Kerey and Zhanibek khandar str., Nur-Sultan city, 01-0000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzhamilyasaparbay@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ТОО «Национальный научный онкологический центр», Центр урологии, нефрологии и трансплантации почки</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLP "National Research Oncology Center"</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абдугафаров С.А., Асыкбаев М.Н., Сапарбай Д.Ж., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдугафаров С.А., Асыкбаев М.Н., Сапарбай Д.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdugafarov S.A., Assykbayev M.N., Saparbay D.J.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1249">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1249</self-uri><abstract><p>Трансплантация почки вот уже более 60 лет является лучшим способом заместительной терапии для пациентов с терминальными заболеваниями почек. В Республике Казахстан на 29 января 2020 года, по данным РКЦТ РК «Республиканский координационный центр по трансплантации», число пациентов в листе ожидания на трансплантацию почки составляет 2675 человек. Вопрос трупного донорства в нашей стране является проблемным в силу различных причин. За последние пару лет и так невысокие показатели трупных доноров снизились более чем в 2 раза.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Дать объективную оценку эффективности проведения трансплантации почки от кадавра с целью указать на необходимость в развитии трупного донорства и решения задач по уменьшению пациентов, находящихся в листе ожидания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ТОО «ННОЦ» за период с 2010-го по 2020 год проведено 52 трансплантации почки от трупного донора. Возрастная группа реципиентов составляла от 20 до 75 лет. В большинстве случаев исходом терминальной формы хронической почечной недостаточности являлись хронический гломерулонефрит (76%), пиелонефрит (1,9%), поликистоз почек (9,6%) и диабетическая нефропатия (11,5%).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Годичная выживаемость составила 96%, пятилетняя выживаемость – 86%. В 13 случаях наблюдалась отсроченная функция трансплантата. В одном случае (1,92%) интраоперационно произошло сверхострое отторжение трансплантата почки, не поддающееся лечению высокими дозами глюкокортикостероидов, трансплантат почки был удален. У двух пациентов (3,8%) в раннем послеоперационном периоде, на 2‑е и 7‑е сутки после операции, развилась клиника острого отторжения трансплантата почки, после купирования криза отторжения лекарственной терапией функция трансплантата была восстановлена. Летальный исход наступил у одной пациентки (1,92%), причиной стала двусторонняя пневмония, которая привела к сепсису и смерти пациентки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выживаемость графта и реципиента после трансплантации почки от посмертного донора сравнима с показателями после трансплантации почки от живого донора. Решение задач по увеличению количества трансплантации органов от кадавра не должно лежать целиком и полностью на плечах врачей-трансплантологов, эту задачу необходимо решать и на уровне государства с проведением постоянной пропаганды для разъяснения гражданам нашей страны необходимости реализации программы трупного донорства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Kidney transplantation has been the best replacement therapy for end-stage kidney disease for over 60 years. The Republican Coordination Center for Transplantation reports that as of January 29, 2020, there were 2675 people on the kidney transplant waiting list in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The issue of deceased donation in Kazakhstan is problematic for various reasons. Over the past couple of years, the already low rates of deceased donors have fallen by more than 2 times.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to objectively assess the effectiveness of deceased-donor kidney transplant in order to indicate the need for development of cadaveric donation and reduce the number of patients in the transplant waitlist.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Fifty-two kidney transplants from a deceased donor were performed at the National Research Oncology Center (NROC) from 2010 to 2020. The age group of recipients ranged from 20 to 75 years old. In most cases, end-stage chronic renal failure resulted in chronic glomerulonephritis (76%), pyelonephritis (1.9%), polycystic kidney disease (9.6%) and diabetic nephropathy (11.5%).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 96% and 86%, respectively. There was delayed graft function in 13 of cases. In one case (1.92%), there was intraoperative hyperacute rejection of the kidney transplant that could not be treated with high doses of glucocorticosteroids; the kidney graft was removed. Two patients (3.8%) in the early postoperative period, on days 2 and 7 after surgery, developed a clinic of acute renal transplant rejection; after the rejection crisis was stopped by drug therapy, graft function was restored. One patient (1.92%) died as a result of bilateral pneumonia, which led to sepsis and death.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Graft and recipient survival rates after deceased-donor kidney are comparable to those after living-donor kidney transplantation. The solution to the problems of increasing the number of deceased organ transplants should not rest entirely on the shoulders of transplant doctors; this task must also be addressed at the government level with constant propaganda to explain to the citizens the need for a deceased organ donation program.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>посмертный донор</kwd><kwd>дефицит донорских органов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>posthumous donor</kwd><kwd>organ shortage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Observatory on donation and Transplantation. www.transplant-observatory.org.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Observatory on donation and Transplantation. www.transplant-observatory.org.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abouna GM. Organ shortage crisis: Problems and Possible Solutions. Transplantation Proceedings. 2008; 40: 34–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abouna GM. Organ shortage crisis: Problems and Possible Solutions. Transplantation Proceedings. 2008; 40: 34–38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuppin P, Savoye E. Comparison of international data on organ procurement and transplantation: impact of donor policies on organ shortage. Organ Tissues Cells. 2006; 3: 159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tuppin P, Savoye E. Comparison of international data on organ procurement and transplantation: impact of donor policies on organ shortage. Organ Tissues Cells. 2006; 3: 159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГП на ПХВ «Республиканский центр по координации трансплантации и высокотехнологичных медицинских услуг» МЗ РК. «Статистика. Лист ожидания – Август 2020».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Accessed September 4, 2020. RGP na PKhV «Respublikanskiy tsentr po koordinatsii transplantatsii i vysokotekhnologichnykh meditsinskikh uslug» MZ RK. «Statistika. List ozhidaniya – Avgust 2020». Accessed September 4, 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barker CF, Markmann JF. Historical Overview of Transplantation Cold spring Harb. Perspect Med. 2013 Apr; 3 (4): a014977.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barker CF, Markmann JF. Historical Overview of Transplantation Cold spring Harb. Perspect Med. 2013 Apr; 3 (4): a014977.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abecassis M, Bartlett ST, Allan J Collins, Davis CL, Delmonico FL et al. Kidney transplantation as primary therapy for End-Stage Renal Disease: A National Kidney Foundation / Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Mar; 3 (2): 471–480.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abecassis M, Bartlett ST, Allan J Collins, Davis CL, Delmonico FL et al. Kidney transplantation as primary therapy for End-Stage Renal Disease: A National Kidney Foundation / Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Mar; 3 (2): 471–480.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beyar R. Challenges in organ transplantation: Maimonides Med J. 2011 Apr; 2 (2): e0049.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beyar R. Challenges in organ transplantation: Maimonides Med J. 2011 Apr; 2 (2): e0049.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Готье СВ, Мойсюк ЯГ. Трансплантология. Фармакотерапия без ошибок. Руководство для врачей. М.: Е-ното, 2014. 432 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gautier SV, Moysyuk YaG. Transplantologiya. Farmakoterapiya bez oshibok. Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey. M.: E-noto, 2014. 432 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson PW, Glennie MJ. Rituximab: mechanisms and applications. Br J Cancer. 2001 Nov 30; 85 (11): 1619– 1623.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson PW, Glennie MJ. Rituximab: mechanisms and applications. Br J Cancer. 2001 Nov 30; 85 (11): 1619– 1623.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kosieradzaki M, Rowinski W. Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation: Mechanisms and Prevention. Transpl Proceedings. 2008; 40: 3279–3288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosieradzaki M, Rowinski W. Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation: Mechanisms and Prevention. Transpl Proceedings. 2008; 40: 3279–3288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
