vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2013-2-123-134vtio-124Research ArticleОбзор литературыLiterature ReviewsИНДИВИДУАЛЬНАЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ СТЕРЕОТИПОВ ИММУННОГО РЕАГИРОВАНИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИХ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ПРИ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИИ ОРГАНОВ (ИММУНО-ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПРОБЛЕМЫ)INDIVIDUAL STABILITY OF STEREOTYPES OF IMMUNE REACTING AND MODERN POSSIBILITIES OF THEIR DIAGNOSTIC IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION (IMMUNE-PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A PROBLEM)ОнищенкоН. А.OnischenkoN. A.АртамоновС. Д.ArtamonovS. D.КрашенинниковМ. Е.KrasheninnikovM. E.БашкинаЛ. В.BashkinaL. V.НикольскаяА. О.NicolskayaA. O.Лаборатория биотехнологии стволовых клеток (зав. – проф. Н.А. Онищенко) ФГБУ «ФНЦ трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. академика В.И. Шумакова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (директор – академик РАМН, проф. С.В. Готье), Москва, Российская ФедерацияLaboratory stem cells biotechnology (Head – prof. N.A. Onischenko) Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs (Head – academician of RAMSci, prof. S.V. Gautier), Moscow, Russian Federation201326052014152ВЕСТНИК ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ И ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ том XV No 2–2013123134Copyright © Онищенко Н.А., Артамонов С.Д., Крашенинников М.Е., Башкина Л.В., Никольская А.О., 20132013Онищенко Н.А., Артамонов С.Д., Крашенинников М.Е., Башкина Л.В., Никольская А.О.Onischenko N.A., Artamonov S.D., Krasheninnikov M.E., Bashkina L.V., Nicolskaya A.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/124

Авторы обосновывают варианты иммунного реагирования организма при трансплантации органов сущес- твованием индивидуальных специфических программ реагирования на аллоантигены, которые, исполь- зуя естественные активационные и тормозные механизмы, формируют различную степень устойчивости двух физиологических стереотипов «поведения иммунной системы» – эффекторного и толерогенного. Для идентификации индивидуального доминирующего стереотипа иммунного реагирования реципиента на трансплантат и прогнозирования изменений иммунного гомеостаза в организме авторы предлагают использовать показатели реактивности иммунной системы – консервативность и пластичность, которые могут быть выявлены подбором соответствующих биомаркеров. В настоящее время широко использует- ся система маркеров, характеризующих воспалительные реакции (инфекции/воспаления), для выявле- ния отторжения и сопутствующих осложнений. Для прогнозирования индивидуального доминирующего стереотипа реагирования при иммунологически спокойном течении посттрансплантационного периода авторы предлагают изучать систему информационно значимых клеточных маркеров адаптивного имму- нитета и использовать их для формирования комплексных информативных иммуно-клеточных диагнос- тических модулей. 

The authors prove variants of immune reacting of an human organism in organ transplantation by existence of individual specific programs of reacting on alloantigens which, using natural activatory and inhibitory mecha- nisms, form various degree of stability of two physiological stereotypes of “behavior of immune system” – ef- fectoric and tolerogenic. For identification of an individual predominant stereotype of recipient immune reacting on a graft and for forecasting changes of an immunological homeostasis in a human organism, authors suggest to use indexes of reactance of immune system – conservatism and plasticity which can be taped by selection of the conforming biomarkers. Now the system of markers characterizing inflammatory reactions (infections/ inflammation) for recognition organ rejection and related complications, is widely used. For forecasting of an individual dominant stereotype of reacting in immunologically quiet post-transplant follow-up authors suggest to study a system of informative cellular markers of adaptive immunity and to use them for a formation of complex informative diagnostic immuno-cellular modules. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.