vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2019-2-150-160vtio-1032Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSШванномы сердцаHeart schwannomaИльинскийИ. М.IljinskyI. M.ИвановА. С.IvanovA. S.

Москва

МожейкоН. П.MozheikoN. P.ЛуговскийМ. К.LugovskiyM. K.

Луговский Максим Константинович

123182, Москва, ул. Щукинская, д. 1, Тел. (926) 590-62-05

Lugovskiy Maksim Konstantinovich

1, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182, Tel. (926) 590-62-05

lugovskiymax@gmail.comФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияV.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenovsky University)Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияV.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation201911072019212150160Copyright © Ильинский И.М., Иванов А.С., Можейко Н.П., Луговский М.К., 20192019Ильинский И.М., Иванов А.С., Можейко Н.П., Луговский М.К.Iljinsky I.M., Ivanov A.S., Mozheiko N.P., Lugovskiy M.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1032

Первичные опухоли сердца представлены многочисленными морфологическими формами. Одной из самых редких форм является шваннома сердца. Она представляет собой опухоль из клеток шванна, который продуцирует миелин оболочек периферических нервов. Частота их встречаемости от 0,02 до 0,056% от всех первичных опухолей. Впервые шваннома была описана в 1972 году и по настоящий момент является предметом пристального изучения клиницистов и морфологов, что связано с редкостью диагностики и с особенностями гистологического строения. В настоящее время, по данным литературы, в мире диагностировано 23 шванномы сердца, из которых 8 определялись в правом предсердии. В процессе исследования данного типа опухолей в 1920 году шведским ученым N. Antoni были определены два типа опухолей в зависимости от типа клеточной архитектуры (тип А и тип В). Тип А состоит из веретенообразных клеток в виде пучков, а тип В - из клеток полиглональной формы с обильной цитоплазмой, и располагаются они не плотно. Также помимо определения специфических клеток диагноз «шваннома» может быть подтвержден в связи с сильным диффузным равномерным окрашиванием белка S100. Единственным методом лечения является хирургическая коррекция в соответствии с правилами онкологической хирургии с замещением образовавшегося вследствие резекции опухоли дефицита тканей различными биологическими и синтетическими материалами. При невозможности выполнения полного иссечения опухоли единственным методом лечения является выполнение трансплантации сердца

Primary tumors of the heart are presented by different morphological types. One of the rarest forms is a schwannoma of the heart. It consists of the Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes, which produces the myelin constituent of peripheral nerves. Frequency is from 0.02 to 0,056% of all primary tumors. First time it was described in 1972 and it is currently the subject of intense study by clinicians and morphologists, which is associated with the extreme rare diagnostic and peculiarities of the histological structure. Thus far 23 cases of this disease have been reported in the literature, 8 of them located primarily in the right atrium. During the study of this type of tumor in 1920, the Swedish scientist N. Antoni identified two types of tumors depending on the type of cellular architecture (type A and type B). Type A consists of spindle-shaped cells in the form of bundles, and type B consists of polygonal cells with abundant cytoplasm and they are not tightly arranged. Also, in addition to identifying specific cells, the diagnosis of schwannoma can be confirmed due to the strong diffuse staining of the S100 protein. The only method of treatment is surgical correction with the replacement of the tissue deficit with various biological and synthetic materials after tumour resection. If it is impossible to perform a complete excision of the tumor, heart transplant is the only kind of treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.