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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vtio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-1191</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15825/1995-1191-2013-2-81-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vtio-103</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Регенеративная медицина и клеточные технологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Regenerative Medicine and Cell Technologies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КОНФОКАЛЬНАЯ МИКРОСКОПИЯ IN VIVO: ОТ ПРОКСИМАЛЬНЫХ БРОНХОВ К АЛЬВЕОЛЯРНОМУ ДЕРЕВУ ЛЕГКИХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IN VIVO CONFOCAL MICROENDOSCOPY: FROM THE PROXIMAL BRONCHUS DOWN TO THE PULMONARY ACINUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тибервилль</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Thiberville</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салаун</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salaün</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бург-Хекли</surname><given-names>Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bourg-Heckly</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника Руанского университета</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rouen University Hospital&#13;
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LITIS EA 4108 (groupe Quant-IF), Faculte ́ de Me ́decine-Pharmacie, Rouen</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника Руанского университета&#13;
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LITIS EA 4108 (группа Quant-IF), факультет медицины и фармакологии, Руан</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rouen University Hospital&#13;
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LITIS EA 4108 (groupe Quant-IF), Faculte ́ de Me ́decine-Pharmacie, Rouen</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>UMR CNRS 7033, BioMoCeTi, Университет Пьера и Марии Кюри – Paris 6, France</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>UMR CNRS 7033, BioMoCeTi, Universite ́ Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, France</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>ВЕСТНИК ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ И ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ том XV No 2–2013</issue-title><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тибервилль Л., Салаун М., Бург-Хекли Д., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тибервилль Л., Салаун М., Бург-Хекли Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Thiberville L., Salaün M., Bourg-Heckly G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/103">https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/103</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях in vivo эндоскопическая микроскопия направлена на то, чтобы предоставить врачу средство для оценки архитектуры и морфологии живых тканей в режиме реального времени, обеспечив при этом оптическое разрешение, сходное с разрешением при стандартном гистопатологическом исследовании. На сегодняшний день доступные микроэндоскопические устройства используют принцип флуоресцен- тной конфокальной микроскопии и вследствие этого в основном выполняют анализ пространственного распределения специфических эндогенных или экзогенных флуорофоров. Флуоресцентные микроэндос- копы, предназначенные для исследования дыхательной системы, используют пучок оптоволокон, кото- рый вводится в рабочий канал бронхоскопа. Такой мини-зонд может применяться в условиях in vivo для исследования внутренней поверхности бронхов или продвигаться в дистальные бронхиолы, вплоть до ацинуса, чтобы в условиях in situ, in vivo выполнить микроскопическую визуализацию дыхательных пу- тей в режиме реального времени. Флуоресцентная конфокальная микроэндоскопия дает возможность ви- зуализации эпителиальных и субэпителиальных слоев проксимальных отделов бронхиального дерева, а также дистальных отделов легких, от конечных бронхиол до альвеолярных протоков и альвеол. Потенци- альные области применения включают в себя микроскопическую оценку в условиях in vivo ранних стадий рака бронхов, оценку ремоделирования бронхиальной стенки и исследования диффузных заболеваний периферических отделов легких, а также диагностики in vivo узелковых образований в периферических отделах легких. Данный метод также имеет потенциальную возможность совместного использования с флуоресцентной молекулярной визуализацией. В этой статье описаны возможности и вероятные ограни- чения конфокальной микроэндоскопии для исследования проксимальных и дистальных отделов легких. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In vivo endoscopic microscopy aims to provide the clinician with a tool to assess architecture and morphology of a living tissue in real time, with an optical resolution similar to standard histopathology. To date, available microendoscopic devices use the principle of fluorescence confocal microscopy, and thereby mainly analyse the spatial distribution of specific endogenous or exogenous fluorophores. Fluorescence microendoscopes devoted to respiratory system exploration use a bundle of optical fibres, introduced into the working channel of the bron- choscope. This miniprobe can be applied in vivo onto the bronchial inner surface or advanced into a distal bron- chiole down to the acinus, to produce in situ, in vivo microscopic imaging of the respiratory tract in real time. Fluorescence confocal microendoscopy has the capability to image the epithelial and subepithelial layers of the pro- ximal bronchial tree, as well as the more distal parts of the lungs, from the terminal bronchioles down to the alveolar ducts and sacs. Potential applications include in vivo microscopic assessment of early bronchial cancers, bronchial wall remodelling evaluation and diffuse peripheral lung disease exploration, as well as in vivo diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules. The technique has also the potential to be coupled with fluorescence molecular imaging. This chapter de- scribes the capabilities and possible limitations of confocal microendoscopy for proximal and distal lung exploration. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхоскопия</kwd><kwd>конфокальная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>микровизуализация in vivo</kwd><kwd>предраковые состояния</kwd><kwd>конфокальная лазерная эндомикроскопия с применением зондов</kwd><kwd>альвеолы легких</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchoscopy</kwd><kwd>confocal microscopy</kwd><kwd>in vivo microimaging</kwd><kwd>precancerous conditions</kwd><kwd>probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy</kwd><kwd>pulmonary alveoli</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kiesslich R., Goetz M., Neurath M.F. Virtual histology // Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2008; 22: 883–897.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiesslich R., Goetz M., Neurath M.F. 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