vtioВестник трансплантологии и искусственных органовRussian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs1995-1191Academician V.I.Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation10.15825/1995-1191-2019-2-92-103vtio-1025Research ArticleРЕГЕНЕРАТИВНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА И КЛЕТОЧНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИREGENERATIVE MEDICINE AND CELL TECHNOLOGIESСовременные возможности регенеративной медицины: биофабрикация полых органовModern opportunities of regenerative medicine: biofabrication of hollow organsЕвстратоваЕ. С.EvstratovaE. S.

Обнинск

Obninsk

ШегайП. В.ShegayP. V.

Обнинск, Москва

Obninsk; Moscow

ПоповС. В.PopovS. V.

Попов Сергей Витальевич

117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, дом 6, Тел. (910) 477-95-65

Popov Sergey Vitalievich

6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Tel. (910) 477-95-65

servit77@yandex.ruВоробьевН. В.VorobyevN. V.ИвановС. А.IvanovS. A.

Обнинск, Москва

Obninsk, Moscow

КапринА. Д.KaprinА. D.

Обнинск, Москва

Obninsk

ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияNational Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияPeoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationRussian FederationМосковский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияP.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationМедицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава Россиия; ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияA. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияNational Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20191107201921292103Copyright © Евстратова Е.С., Шегай П.В., Попов С.В., Воробьев Н.В., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д., 20192019Евстратова Е.С., Шегай П.В., Попов С.В., Воробьев Н.В., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д.Evstratova E.S., Shegay P.V., Popov S.V., Vorobyev N.V., Ivanov S.A., Kaprin А.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1025

Для лечения пациентов с поврежденными или удаленными по медицинским показаниям органами в настоящее время применяют трансплантацию от доноров. Высокие риски летального исхода, проведение пожизненной иммуносупрессии и острая нехватка донорских органов ухудшают перспективу их применения. Недавние достижения в области биофабрикации свидетельствуют о скорой возможности появления реальных альтернатив методам, применяемым в настоящее время. Используемые биоматериалы создают трехмерное пространство, в котором клетки могут прикрепляться, расти и формировать новые ткани с соответствующей структурой и функцией. Современные исследования уделяют особое внимание выбору материала и технологий для обеспечения механических и физиологических свойств заново созданной ткани. В обзоре рассмотрены современные технологии регенеративной медицины, а также результаты экспериментальных исследований в области биофабрикации по созданию скаффолдов, тканеинженерных конструкций, а также полых и фрагментов сложносоставных органов, которые уже имеют практическую реализацию.

For the treatment of patients with organs damaged or removed by medical indications, transplantation from donors is currently used. High risks of death, lifelong immunosuppression and an acute shortage of donor organs worsen the prospect of their use. Recent advances in the field of biofabrication indicate the imminent possibility of the emergence of real alternatives to the methods currently used. The biomaterials used create a three-dimensional space in which cells can attach, grow and form new tissues with an appropriate structure and function. Modern research pays special attention to the choice of materials and technologies to ensure the mechanical and physiological properties of the newly created tissue. The review examines modem technologies of regenerative medicine, as well as the results of experimental studies in the field of biofabrication for creating scaffolds, tissue-engineering structures, as well as hollow and fragments of complex organs that already have practical implementation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.